Skin Targeted Nanogels: Advances in Permeation and Treatment Effectiveness
Keywords:
Biocompatibility, Cellular uptake, Nanoparticles, Nanotechnology, Targeted drug deliveryAbstract
Nanogels are crosslinked hydrogel nanoparticles with a three-dimensional structure that are created by chemically or physically crosslinking lipophilic polymers. They have a variety of uses. Nanogels are a type of gel formulation that is a semisolid dosage form, prepared by various methods. The particle size is reduced using a bath sonicator, and particle size is determined through zeta potential and FTIR studies. Nanogels are safe, biocompatible, and very effective for usage and acting at a particular site and, leading to targeted drug delivery and having fewer adverse effects. Nanogels have a particle size of less than 200nm and have good encapsulation efficiency. In the current scenario, nanogels have received a lot of interest in physical, chemical, and biological properties. It mainly focuses on targeted drug delivery and skin permeation. Nanogels have better absorption and permeation, and they provide enhanced therapeutic efficacy and treatment of various diseases.
References
Cirri M, Nerli G, Mennini N, Maestrelli F, Mura P. Development and characterization of cyclodextrin-based nanogels as a new ibuprofen cutaneous delivery system. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(12):2567. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14122567
Kucharska E, Ok B, Nowak A, Kucharski Ł, Muzykiewicz-Szymańska A, Ossowicz-Rupniewska P. Ibuprofen Formulations: Permeability and Biodegradability Comparison Depending on the Type of Formulation. Processes. 2024; 12(6):1236. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12061236
Mahmood S, Almurisi SH, Al-Japairai K, Hilles AR, Alelwani W, Bannunah AM, Alshammari F, Alheibshy F. Ibuprofen-Loaded Chitosan–Lipid Nanoconjugate Hydrogel with Gum Arabic: Green Synthesis, Characterisation, In Vitro Kinetics Mechanistic Release Study and PGE2 Production Test. Gels. 2021; 7(4):254. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels7040254
Malik S, Muhammad K, Waheed Y. Nanotechnology: a revolution in modern industry. Molecules. 2023; 28(2):661. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules280206616.
Ghamarpoor R, Jamshidi M. Synthesis of vinyl-based silica nanoparticles by sol gel method and their influences on network microstructure and dynamic mechanical properties of nitrile rubber nanocomposites. Scientific Reports. 2022; 12(1):15286. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19664-w
Mathews HF, Pieper MI, Jung SH, Pich A. Compartmentalized Polyampholyte Microgels by Depletion Flocculation and Coacervation of Nanogels in Emulsion Droplets. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2023; 62(36): e202304908. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202304908
7Simakova A, Averick S, Jazani AM, Matyjaszewski K. Controlling size and surface chemistry of cationic nanogels by inverse microemulsion ATRP. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2023; 224(1):2200210. https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202200210
Ahmad I, Farheen M, Kukreti A, Afzal O, Akhter MH, Chitme H, Vitt S, Altamimi AS, Alossaimi MA, Alsulami ER, Jaremko M. Natural oils enhance the topical delivery of ketoconazole by nanoemulgel for fungal infections. ACS omega. 2023; 8(31):28233-48. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c01571
Suhail M, Chiu IH, Ullah A, Khan A, Ullah H, Al-Sowayan NS, Wu PC. Formulation and In Vitro Assessment of Polymeric pH-Responsive Nanogels of Chitosan for Sustained Delivery of Madecassoside. ACS omega. 2024; 9(17):19345-52. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c00461
Radeva L, Yoncheva K. Nanogels Innovative Drug Carriers for Overcoming Biological Membranes. Gels. 2025 Feb 8;11(2):124. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11020124
Li C, Obireddy SR, Lai WF. Preparation and use of nanogels as carriers of drugs. Drug delivery. 2021; 28(1):1594-602. https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2021.1955042
Badalkhani O, Pires PC, Mohammadi M, Babaie S, Paiva-Santos AC, Hamishehkar H. Nanogel containing gamma-oryzanol-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers and TiO2/MBBT: a synergistic nanotechnological approach of potent natural antioxidants and nanosized UV filters for skin protection. Pharmaceuticals. 2023; 16(5):670. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16050670
Srivastava S, Saha S, Jakhmola V. Nanogel: Types, Methods of Preparation, Limitation, Evaluation and Application A Systematic Review. Int. J. Drug Deliv. Technol. 2023; 13:1631-9. https://doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.13.4.77
Botha NL, Mushonga P, Onani MO. Review on nanogels and their applications on dermal therapy. Polymers and Polymer Composites. 2023; 31:09673911231192816. https://doi.org/10.1177/09673911231192816
Donthi MR, Munnangi SR, Krishna KV, Saha RN, Singhvi G, Dubey SK. Nanoemulgel: a novel nano carrier as a tool for topical drug delivery. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(1):164. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15010164
Alotaibi G, Alharthi S, Basu B, Ash D, Dutta S, Singh S, Prajapati BG, Bhattacharya S, Chidrawar VR, Chitme H. Nano-gels: recent advancement in fabrication methods for mitigation of skin cancer. Gels. 2023; 9(4):331.https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9040331.
1 Sarma SK, Dutta U, Bharali A, Kumar S, Baruah S, Sarma H, Laloo D, Sahu BP. Isolation of curcumin from Lakadong turmeric of Meghalaya and development of its PLGA-Cur-NS loaded nano gel for potential anti-inflammatory and cutaneous wound healing activity in Wistar rats. Future J. Pharm. Sci. 2023; 9(1):85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-023-00534-9
17. Ahmad S, Patil K, Koli G, Rahman BA, Barde L, Deshpande M, Tare H. Design, Development and Characterization of Econazole loaded Nanoparticles for Topical Application. Evaluation. 2023; 12:15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.14.2.20
Cuggino JC, Blanco ER, Gugliotta LM, Igarzabal CI, Calderon M. Crossing biological barriers with nanogels to improve drug delivery performance. J. Control. Release. 2019; 307:221-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.06.005
Panthi VK, Jha SK, Pangeni R, Paudel KR. Formulation and development of adapalene topical nanohydrogel using different surfactants and cosurfactants for antiacne activity: in vitro and ex vivo evaluation. J. Nanomater. 2022; 2022(1):6889293. https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/handle/10453/162055
