Formulation Development and Phytochemical Profiling, Finger Print (Qualitative) Analysis of Neem and Bauhinia Variegata Leaf Extract for Antidiabetic Activity

Abstract

Herbal medicines are widely recognized for their safety, efficacy, and minimal side effects compared to synthetic drugs. The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of herbal tablets using leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica and Bauhinia variegata, known for their antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Fresh leaves of both plants were collected from authenticated sources, thoroughly washed, shade dried, and pulverized into coarse powder. The powdered material was subjected to Soxhlet extraction using a suitable solvent system to obtain concentrated herbal extracts rich in active phytoconstituents. The obtained extracts were evaluated for organoleptic characteristics and incorporated into tablet formulations by direct compression technique using suitable binders, diluents, lubricants, and disintegrants. The prepared granules were assessed for various pre-compression parameters such as angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, and Hausner ratio, which indicated satisfactory flowability and compressibility necessary for tablet manufacturing. Further, the compressed tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, weight variation, thickness, disintegration time, and uniformity of drug content according to standard pharmacopeial procedures. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of bioactive constituents including alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, and steroids. The results suggest that the formulated herbal tablets are stable, effective, and suitable for antidiabetic therapy.