Smart Landmine Detection Robot Using Sensor Technology and Wireless Communication
Keywords:
Arduino Uno microcontroller, GPS module, HC-12 module, Metal detector sensor, Ultrasonic sensorAbstract
Landmines remain a critical global problem, posing long-term threats to civilian populations, military personnel, and humanitarian rescue workers in post-conflict regions. Despite the cessation of armed conflicts, millions of unexploded landmines continue to endanger lives and restrict the safe use of land for agriculture, infrastructure development, and rehabilitation. Conventional landmine detection methods, including manual sweeping with metal detectors and the use of trained animals, are not only time-consuming and labour-intensive but also expose operators to extreme risk, making them unsuitable for large-scale and high-risk environments. To address these challenges, this project presents the design and implementation of a smart landmine detection robot that utilizes sensor technology and long-range wireless communication to improve safety and operational efficiency. The system incorporates a metal detector sensor to identify buried metallic landmines and an ultrasonic sensor to detect and avoid obstacles during navigation. An Arduino microcontroller serves as the central processing unit, coordinating sensor inputs and system operations. A global positioning system (GPS) module is integrated to record the precise geographical coordinates of detected landmines, enabling accurate location tracking and mapping. Real-time communication is achieved using an HC-12 wireless module, which transmits detection alerts and location data to a remote monitoring station, allowing safe supervision without direct human involvement. The robot is mounted on a motor-driven chassis designed to traverse uneven terrain and ensure consistent scanning of the target area. Upon detection of a landmine, the system immediately generates an alert along with GPS coordinates, significantly reducing human exposure to hazardous zones.
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