Design and Implementation of a Solar-Powered DC Refrigerator Based on Peltier Effect

Abstract

Although refrigeration is necessary today, it has environmental impact and energy inefficiency drawbacks. Conventional systems mainly rely on electricity and refrigerants, increasing energy consumption and contributing to global warming and ozone layer depletion. Refrigeration uses about 15% of household energy, and energy consumption rises with industrialization. This research suggests a solar-powered thermoelectric refrigeration system as an economical and energy-efficient solution to these problems. This novel system transfers heat without needing traditional refrigerants by using solar energy to power Peltier modules. The Peltier effect is the basis for this system's operation. The system is perfect for places with limited electricity and financial constraints since it integrates Peltier modules with a cooling oil circuit. It offers a sustainable solution that minimizes energy use and environmental impact. High rates of newborn and animal deaths are a result of poor medical storage facilities, especially for vaccines, in rural and tribal areas. These inadequacies were highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which had dire repercussions due to vaccine delays and restricted availability of vital medications like Remdesivir. Unreliable refrigeration increases livestock mortality in Bangladesh, where raising livestock is essential for rural livelihoods. Solar technology presents a possible option by offering a sustainable means of producing electricity locally. This study investigates the transportation and storage of vaccinations in locations with limited energy sources using solar-powered DC refrigerators. The research assesses the efficacy of solar-powered Peltier coolers for agricultural storage, taking advantage of Bangladesh's abundant solar radiation. Its goal is to show how these devices might improve energy efficiency and sustainability in rural areas.