Enhancing EV Infrastructure with Smart Charging Stations
Keywords:
Electric Vehicle (EV), Energy metering input, EV owners, LED screen, Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID), RFID readerAbstract
This study describes the design and implementation of an automated Electric Vehicle (EV) charging station utilizing Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) for identification and payment verification. The purpose of this system is to provide a more convenient and safer charging option to EV owners because it does not require any payment method from the owner (e.g., coming to the charging station with an app or credit card for payment). A main consideration for the system design is an additional LED screen to communicate real-time charging/payment information to the owner in order to increase transparency of the charging process and ease of experience. The system is designed to integrate a microcontroller that will facilitate communication between the RFID reader, energy metering input, and LED screen. The system developed is a reliable and user-friendly alternative to charging stations to encourage EV infrastructure and improve the experience of owners and operators of charging stations.
References
S. Sachan, S. Deb, and S. N. Singh, “Different charging infrastructures along with smart charging strategies for electric vehicles,” Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 60, p. 102238, Sep. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102238
I. A. Ayoade and O. M. Longe, “Comprehensive review on smart electromobility charging infrastructure,” World Electric Vehicle Journal, vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 286–286, Jun. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15070286
T. Zema, A. Sulich, and S. Grzesiak, “Charging stations and electromobility development: A cross-country comparative analysis,” Energies, vol. 16, no. 1, p. 32, Dec. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010032
X. Sun, Z. Li, X. Wang, and C. Li, “Technology development of electric vehicles: A review,” Energies, vol. 13, no. 1, p. 90, Dec. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13010090
J. Figura and T. Gądek-Hawlena, “The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of electromobility in Poland. The perspective of companies in the transport-shipping-logistics sector: A case study,” Energies, vol. 15, no. 4, p. 1461, Feb. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en15041461
L. Melander and H. Wallström, “The benefits of green horizontal networks: Lessons learned from sharing charging infrastructure for electric freight vehicles,” Business Strategy and the Environment, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 1835–1846, Aug. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3222
N. K. Trung and N. T. Diep, “A maximum transfer efficiency tracking method for dynamic wireless charging systems of electric vehicles,” Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 2021, no. 1, Nov. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5562125
Y. Yang, M. El Baghdadi, Y. Lan, Y. Benomar, J. Van Mierlo, and O. Hegazy, “Design methodology, modeling, and comparative study of wireless power transfer systems for electric vehicles,” Energies, vol. 11, no. 7, p. 1716, Jul. 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en11071716
H. Liu, L. Tan, X. Huang, M. Zhang, Z. Zhang, and J. Li, “Power stabilization based on switching control of segmented transmitting coils for multi loads in static-dynamic hybrid wireless charging system at traffic lights,” Energies, vol. 12, no. 4, p. 607, Feb. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en12040607
S. Sahany, S. S. Biswal, D. P. Kar, P. K. Sahoo, and S. Bhuyan, “Impact of functioning parameters on the wireless power transfer system used for electric vehicle charging,” Progress in Electromagnetic Research M, vol. 79, pp. 187–197, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERM18092610
G. Sierpiński, M. Staniek, and M. J. Kłos, “Decision making support for local authorities choosing the method for siting of in-city EV charging stations,” Energies, vol. 13, no. 18, p. 4682, Sep. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13184682
J. Baraniak and J. Starzyński, “Modeling the impact of electric vehicle charging systems on electric power quality,” Energies, vol. 13, no. 15, p. 3951, Aug. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13153951
A. Pan, T. Zhao, H. Yu and Y. Zhang, “Deploying public charging stations for electric taxis: A charging demand simulation embedded approach,” in IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 17412–17424, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2894780
C. Panchal, S. Stegen, and J. Lu, “Review of static and dynamic wireless electric vehicle charging system,” Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 922–937, Oct. 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2018.06.015
N. Shahraki, H. Cai, M. Turkay, and M. Xu, “Optimal locations of electric public charging stations using real world vehicle travel patterns,” Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, vol. 41, pp. 165–176, Dec. 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2015.09.011
