Advance Research in Analog and Digital Communications

LoRaEdge-ESP32 Synergy: Revolutionizing Farm Weather Data Collection with Low-Power, Long-Range IoT

Vaibhav Godase — 2025-07-11

In today’s rapidly advancing world of precision agriculture, keeping a keen eye on the weather is not just a good idea; it is essential if you want to maximize the benefits of irrigation, crop management, and resource allocation. Building on our past efforts with a weather station powered by LoRa Edge, our study delves into enhancing data accuracy, system efficiency, and weather prediction capabilities. By incorporating cutting-edge sensor calibration methods and real-time data filtering, we are really stepping up our game in terms of how reliable our readings of temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and rainfall are. To beef up the system’s effectiveness, we have integrated an AI-driven predictive model. This tool helps in analyzing weather patterns and gives farmers a heads-up on what might be on the horizon. Thanks to LoRa technology, the system offers long-range and low-power data transmission, which is just perfect for those remote farming areas where standard cellular networks fall short. The entire setup is powered by an ESP32 microcontroller, which takes care of edge computing. This means data is processed right on the spot, minimizing the need for cloud services. We have also put together a web and mobile dashboard that allows for real-time monitoring, visualization, and automatic alerts. By enhancing data accuracy and leveraging AI-powered strategies, this system provides a scalable, energy-efficient, and cost-effective way to offer farmers real-time, actionable insights, ultimately boosting agricultural productivity and sustainability.

Communicating Fishermen and Trackage Using Underwater Wireless Communication

Dhanusha A. — 2025-08-02

The maritime industry, particularly the fishing sector, lacks reliable and affordable communication systems for real-time monitoring and ensuring safety. Fishermen often venture far from shore, entering zones where cellular networks are non-existent, leaving them disconnected and vulnerable to risks such as accidents, health emergencies, mechanical failures, or unfavourable weather conditions. To address these issues, this project introduces an integrated solution titled “Communicating Fisherman and Trackage Using Underwater Wireless Communication”, which enables real-time tracking and two-way communication over water bodies. The proposed system utilizes a combination of Global Positioning System (GPS) modules for location tracking and wireless transceivers (e.g., LoRa, acoustic modems) to establish long-range communication links between the fishing vessel and a coastal monitoring station. The system includes essential features such as geo-fencing alerts, distress signal transmission, and data logging for voyage histories. A user-friendly interface provides authorities with live tracking information, enhancing both rescue operations and border security enforcement. This system is designed for low power consumption and harsh marine conditions, featuring a waterproof casing and solar-powered operation.

Millimetre Wave: A Study on the Backbone of Future IoT Connectivity

Heena Tajoddin Shaikh — 2025-08-12

The internet of things, or IoT, is rapidly evolving, connecting millions of devices and transforming entire industries. The limitations of traditional wireless communication technologies, however, are being pushed to their breaking point in light of this growth. The high-frequency band known as millimetre wave, or mmWave, has the potential to completely transform IoT communication by offering significantly higher capacity and reduced latency levels. Even though microwave (mmWave) technology is still in its infancy, it is poised to play a crucial role in the next generation of IoT networks. Millimetre waves are the broad term for the frequency band between 30 GHz and 300 GHz. Compared to the lower frequencies used in Wi-Fi and cellular networks, mmWave frequencies offer a substantially larger spectrum. Applications requiring high throughput and real-time communication can greatly benefit from this massive bandwidth, which enables data to be transmitted at significantly faster speeds. As the IoT continues to grow, more bandwidth is required to accommodate the enormous number of connected devices and the data-intensive apps they run. The quest for higher data speeds and reduced latency has sparked interest in millimetre wave (mmWave) technologies in recent years. These requirements have been successfully met by conventional sub-6 GHz frequencies. A wide range of resources is accessible through mmWave, which runs between 30 and 300 GHz and has the potential to reach speeds of many gigabits per second. However, mmWave use in IoT presents unique design challenges. This essay focuses on improved IoT connectivity and explores the crucial steps needed to get beyond these obstacles and harness the potential of millimetre wave technology.

A Review on Real-Time RFID-Based Smart Attendance Systems for Efficient Record Management

Aviraj Salunkhe — 2025-08-21

Accurate and efficient attendance tracking remains a critical requirement across educational institutions, corporate environments, and industrial facilities. Traditional methods, including manual registers and biometric systems, often suffer from inefficiencies such as time consumption, proxy attendance, and limited scalability. In response to these challenges, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has emerged as a robust alternative, enabling contactless, real-time attendance monitoring and automated data logging. This review explores the architecture, functionality, and technological evolution of RFID-based smart attendance systems, emphasizing their capacity to enhance record management through automation and real-time processing. It examines key system components such as RFID tags and readers, microcontrollers, communication modules, and cloud-based databases, and presents comparative analyses of various implementations reported in the literature. The review further discusses integration with emerging technologies like the internet of things (IoT), blockchain, and artificial intelligence to improve scalability, security, and transparency. Despite its benefits, the RFID-based approach faces challenges such as tag collision, data privacy concerns, and environmental interference, which are also critically reviewed. This paper concludes with recommendations for future advancements, including the adoption of hybrid systems and edge computing for improved responsiveness. The findings aim to guide researchers and developers in optimizing smart attendance systems for real-time, secure, and scalable record management.

Renewable Wireless Charging Station for EV

Baginesh M. B. — 2025-08-22

In the current era, where charging electric vehicles plays a crucial role in accelerating the shift towards clean energy, alternative solutions can complement traditional charging stations. One promising approach is wireless charging. A major reason many individuals hesitate to adopt electric vehicles is the lengthy charging time associated with wired stations. In our country, people tend to prioritize convenience and faster travel over environmental benefits, even when pollution remains a pressing issue. This project aims to provide a simple and accessible solution to improve the charging experience. The proposed system integrates wireless charging technology with solar panels, enabling a seamless and hassle-free way to charge electric vehicles. A scaled-down prototype of the concept has been developed for demonstration purposes.