Design and Performance Analysis of Tri-Band Circular Patch Antenna with Different Substrate Materials for Wireless Application

Abstract

A slotted circular patch antenna, fed by a microstrip line, has been fabricated using two types of substrates: FR-4 epoxy and Epoxy Kevlar, characterized by dielectric constants of 4.4 and 3.6, respectively. This antenna is engineered to operate across three frequency bands for both substrates, achieving a return loss of less than -2 dB. For the FR-4 substrate, the antenna exhibits operational bandwidths of 5.2 GHz to 7 GHz, 8.6 GHz to 11.6 GHz, and 13.6 GHz to 27.1 GHz, with corresponding return losses of -27.66 dB, -16.8 dB, and -20.7 dB. In contrast, the Epoxy Kevlar version covers bandwidths from 5.4 GHz to 7.3 GHz, 9.1 GHz to 12.2 GHz, and 15 GHz to 27.2 GHz, recording return losses of -26.5 dB, -18.9 dB, and -17.9 dB, respectively. The design and simulation were done using the HFSS (High Frequency Structural Simulator) tool. The antenna configuration showcases enhanced radiation patterns and a consistent gain of approximately 2-3 dBi across the specified frequency bands. It is particularly well-suited for applications in wireless LAN and WiMAX technologies.