From Plant to Nanoparticle: Boosting Anti-inflammatory Activity of Natural Phytochemicals

Abstract

Compounds extracted from plants are well-known for their capabilities as anti-inflammatory agents. Extensive research has demonstrated the benefits of raw plant extracts, isolated molecules, and their metallic or metal oxide nanoparticles (M/MONPs) in reducing inflammation. This article offers a thorough overview of existing studies on plant-based compounds and their nanoparticle forms used as inflammation fighters, drawn from multiple investigations. Various compounds like flavonoids, terpenoids, polyphenols, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, essential oil components, and their corresponding M/MONPs have been extracted from around 50 different healing plants to address inflammatory issues. These natural substances from plants display strong anti-inflammatory effects that may help with inflammation affecting the skin, liver, heart and blood vessels, joints, digestive system, brain and nerves, and respiratory system. Furthermore, a concise outline of how these compounds and their M/MONPs produce anti-inflammatory results is included. Studies into plant chemistry, M/MONPs, and the inflammation-reducing qualities of plant compounds have paved the way for new, safer treatments with reduced adverse reactions. Thus, this summary could inspire scientists to delve deeper into natural plant products and their nanoparticles for the management of diverse medical conditions.