International Journal of Clinical Pharmaceutics and Public Health

Reversible Arthritis in Adult Patients: Pathophysiology, Therapeutic Approaches, and Prognostic Factors

Rehan Haider — 2026-08-31

Reversible arthritis describes inflammatory joint conditions in which pain, swelling, stiffness, and functional impairment may substantially improve when the underlying inflammatory process is recognized and treated at an early stage. Unlike established chronic arthropathies associated with progressive structural damage, some acute inflammatory joint conditions may resolve without permanent functional impairment when appropriate treatment is initiated promptly. The present prospective clinical observational study evaluated the clinical presentation, selected biochemical markers, treatment response, and short-term outcomes among 50 adult female patients with clinical features consistent with reversible inflammatory arthritis. The mean age of the participants was approximately 50 years. Patients presented primarily with joint pain, inflammation, and functional limitation. Daily pain scores were recorded using a 1–10 scale, while C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum uric acid were assessed as laboratory indicators relevant to inflammatory and gout-associated processes. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were used as the principal therapeutic intervention. The findings showed a marked reduction in pain following treatment. The mean baseline pain score was 8.2 ± 1.1 and declined to 3.4 ± 1.0 after treatment, representing a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001). Forty-five patients (90%) were classified as clinically improved, whereas five patients (10%) did not demonstrate comparable improvement. The clinical response was particularly consistent with acute inflammatory presentations such as early gout-related arthritis and reactive or post-infectious inflammatory arthritis. These observations suggest that early recognition, appropriate laboratory assessment, and timely anti-inflammatory management may provide an important opportunity to prevent persistent symptoms and functional deterioration. However, the findings should be interpreted within the limitations of the observational design, relatively small sample size, female-only population, and short-term assessment. Further studies involving larger and more diverse patient populations are required to determine long-term remission, recurrence, and structural outcomes.

Visualization and Recovery of Latent Cellular DNA Hair on Plastic Packaging Materials

Adeyemo, Waliu A. — 2026-09-29

Latent DNA refers to undetectable traces of biological material deposited onto surfaces through direct contact. While previous forensic research has predominantly focused on latent DNA visualization from touched surfaces, fingerprints, and human hair, the transfer and persistence of latent cellular material deposited by animal and human hair onto commercial plastic packaging materials remains under-explored. In this study, hair samples obtained from domestic cat (Felis catus), dog (Canis lupus familiaris), and human (Homo sapiens) donors were stored in recyclable transparent plastic packaging bags for seven days under standardized friction conditions, alongside an empty plastic bag serving as a negative control. Visualization of latent DNA was achieved by applying SYBR Safe™ nucleic acid stain and inspecting the surfaces under a gel documentation system with blue (480 nm) and green (510 nm) light excitation. Biological material was recovered via swabbing, extracted using the QIAamp® DNA Mini Kit, and quantified using NanoDrop spectrophotometry. Fluorescence examination revealed a total of 80 distinct fluorescent cellular particles across all packaging surfaces, with blue light providing superior visual resolution (54 particles) compared to green light (26 particles). Cat hair packaging exhibited the highest fluorescence density (55%, n=44), followed by dog hair (26%, n=21) and human hair (19%, n=15), while the negative control displayed zero fluorescence. Extracted DNA concentration averaged 2.56 ± 0.95 ng/µL for human hair, 2.40 ± 0.78 ng/µL for cat hair, and 2.23 ± 0.67 ng/µL for dog hair, falling within target operational ranges for PCR amplification. Mean purity ratios (A260/A280) were highest in dog hair (2.31), followed by human hair (1.57) and cat hair (1.26). These findings prove that animal and human hair transfer recoverable latent DNA onto non-porous packaging, offering crucial investigative applications in combating illegal wildlife fur trade and solving violent human crimes involving plastic packaging.

Relationship Between Stress, Lifestyle, and Unhealthy Eating Behaviours: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Vaseem Ahmad — 2026-07-02

This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to integrate 20 years of empirical studies (2004–2024) of the relationship between psychological stress and unhealthy eating behaviours. Upon review of the literature, 28 studies (N = 10,207) with correlation coefficients reporting the relationship between stress and unhealthy eating indicators were identified in PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The results of the random effects meta-analysis showed a positive and significant association (r = .286, 95% CI [.258, .314], p < .001), suggesting that unhealthy eating is moderately related to increased stress. Heterogeneity was moderate (I2 = 58.9%, Q = 65.64, df = 27). Subgroup analyses showed greater effects in longitudinal studies (r = .350) than in cross-sectional (r = .261) and experimental design studies (r = .270). This association was slightly more positive with changes over the 20-year period. The detection of publication bias using Egger's regression test showed an intercept of −0.120 (p < .001), which indicated that the pooled effect could be slightly downwards. Trim-and-fill analysis showed no evidence of publication bias. The results highlight the strong association of stress and unhealthy diets and the relevance of public health strategies aiming to improve nutritional health promotion by including stress management.