A Study to Explore the CAD Risk Factors among Adolescents at Selected Tertiary in Bhawanipatna, Odisha, India

Abstract

Introduction: It is possible to prevent coronary artery disease from arising in adolescents if their high-risk factors are identified and controlled throughout the adolescent years. In order to successfully implement preventative measures, it is vital to have a comprehensive understanding of the nature and scope of the problem.

Objective: The objective of the study was to identify the risk factors that are associated with coronary artery disease in teenagers and to ascertain the links that exist between those risk factors and other important variables.

Methodology: To conduct the evaluation, a descriptive survey methodology was selected. This decision was made in accordance with the Health Belief Model. A semi-structured interview was conducted for the aim of acquiring background information, whereas a structured interview was utilized for the purpose of researching information related to risk factors. Both interviews were conducted in order to gather that information. In order to compute and analyse the Body Mass Index (BMI), as well as to determine the body weight and blood pressure, descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. Additionally, BMI was calculated when body weight was measured.

Results: Eighteen per cent of teenagers were found to have a higher risk of acquiring coronary artery disease, whereas seventy-two per cent of adolescents were classified as having an intermediate risk of developing the illness. Fifty-seven per cent of the teenagers had a history of hypertension or coronary artery disease in their families. A substantial connection was not discovered between the risk factors of the teenagers and the demographic variables that were chosen, with the exception of age. This was the only element that was shown to be relevant. Based on the results of the study, it was determined that teenagers are at risk of developing coronary artery disease in the future due to the presence of specific risk factors.

Conclusion: In light of this, it is essential to raise awareness about the importance of health among adolescents in educational institutions, residential complexes, and the greater society as a whole. It is vital to note that the outcomes of this study have significant implications for nursing educational methods, nursing administration, nursing research, and nursing practice.