Research & Review: Management of Cardiovascular and Orthopedic Complications

A Study to Assess the Knowledge and Attitude towards Myocardial Infarction and Medical Care Seeking Among Adults from Selected Community in Mangalore

2026-03-19T09:46:07+00:00

Myocardial infarction is the irreversible death of heart muscle secondary to prolonged lack of oxygen supply. Approximately 1.5 million cases of myocardial infarction occur annualy in the United States. In India, heart attack deaths have been on the rise, with a 12.5% increase recorded in 2024 compared to the previous year, specifically 32,457 people died with heart attack in 2024, according to the national crime records of bureau (NCRB) The study to assess the knowledge and attitude towards myocardial infarction and medical care seeking among adults in selected community in Mangalore. A true experimental study design collected from selected people in community age between 31-60. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire both knowledge analysing questionnaire and attitude analysing questionnaire. The study identified that the majority of 57.5% adults were between 41-50 years old, 42.5% of adults were between 51-60 years old, and 0% of adults were between 31-40 years old. The majority, 45%, were Hindus, 27.5% were Christians, 27.5% were Muslims, and 0% were of other religions. The majority (70%) of adults were female, and 30% were male. In this study, 5% of adults have inadequate knowledge, 55% have moderate knowledge, and 16% have adequate knowledge regarding myocardial infarction and medical care-seeking. 2.5% of adults have an unfavourable attitude, 62.5% of adults have a neutral attitude, and 35% of adults have a favourable attitude towards myocardial infarction and medical care seeking. These findings suggest that more research is needed to elicit the knowledge and attitude regarding myocardial infarction and medical care seeking.

The Central Role of Nurses in Multimodal Pain Management during Myocardial Infarction: A Comprehensive Review

2026-03-24T11:48:50+00:00

Pain is the most dominant and distressing symptom experienced by patients during Myocardial Infarction (MI) and is closely associated with adverse physiological responses. Persistent ischemic pain activates the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in tachycardia, hypertension, and increased myocardial oxygen demand, which may further aggravate myocardial ischemia and contribute to complications such as arrhythmias and heart failure. Effective pain control is therefore essential not only for relieving patient suffering but also for stabilizing cardiovascular function and preventing further myocardial damage. Multimodal pain management, which integrates pharmacological therapy with non-pharmacological and psychological interventions, has emerged as the preferred strategy in contemporary cardiac care. Nurses occupy a central role in implementing multimodal pain management due to their continuous presence at the patient’s bedside and responsibility for ongoing clinical assessment and monitoring. This review examines the central role of nurses in multimodal pain management during myocardial infarction with emphasis on pain assessment, pharmacological interventions, hemodynamic monitoring, psychological support, and multidisciplinary collaboration. Evidence suggests that nurse-led pain management significantly improves patient comfort, reduces sympathetic stress responses, and contributes to favorable cardiovascular outcomes.

Determining the Level of Comprehension in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation among Nursing Students at Selected College in Puducherry

2026-04-01T12:13:17+00:00

Background: The goal of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), an emergency procedure, is to save the life of an individual going into cardiac arrest. When someone is unconscious or only breathing gasps, it is obvious. Both within and outside of a medical establishment, it can be tested. The study purpose was to find out how well nursing students understood cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the demographic variable.

Materials and Methods: A quantitative descriptive research design. Among the population are Nursing Students in college of Nursing, PIMS. Using the Purposive sampling technique, 98 samples of Nursing Students who met the inclusion criteria were chosen from among them. BSc (N) second year students were, taken as well as those who are open to taking part in the research were included in the study. Experts validated the tool, and prior authorization was secured to carry out the investigation. Consent Obtained. The investigator guaranteed privacy. The questionnaire technique was used to collect the data. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the respondents’ comprehension of CPR. Descriptive statistics was used to plan the data analysis.

Findings: The findings showed that Nursing Students comprehension of CPR was divided into three categories: inadequate knowledge (1%), somewhat adequate knowledge (16%), and adequate knowledge (81%).

Effectiveness of a Case-Based Teaching Strategy on Knowledge of Post-Operative Cardiac Surgery Care among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Pre-Experimental Study

2026-04-01T12:22:51+00:00

Background: The post‑operative period following cardiac surgery demands vigilant monitoring and timely identification of complications. Undergraduate nursing students frequently encounter difficulty translating theoretical knowledge into safe clinical decision‑making in cardiothoracic settings. Educational strategies that promote contextual and analytical learning may enhance preparedness.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a structured case‑based teaching strategy in improving knowledge related to post‑operative cardiac surgery care among undergraduate nursing students.

Design: Pre‑experimental one‑group pretest–posttest study.

Setting: Undergraduate nursing college affiliated with a university.

Participants: Fifty fourth‑semester B.Sc. Nursing students.

Methods: Participants completed a 30‑item structured knowledge questionnaire before and after exposure to two structured case‑based teaching sessions. The sessions incorporated realistic patient scenarios involving post‑coronary artery bypass graft management. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired t‑test.

Results: The mean knowledge score increased significantly from 14.62 (SD = 3.41) in the pretest to 23.88 (SD = 2.96) in the posttest (t = 15.47, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The structured case‑based teaching strategy significantly enhanced knowledge regarding post‑operative cardiac surgery care. Incorporating contextual learning approaches into cardiothoracic nursing education may strengthen student preparedness for complex clinical environments.

A Study to Explore the CAD Risk Factors among Adolescents at Selected Tertiary in Bhawanipatna, Odisha, India

2026-04-10T09:52:26+00:00

Introduction: It is possible to prevent coronary artery disease from arising in adolescents if their high-risk factors are identified and controlled throughout the adolescent years. In order to successfully implement preventative measures, it is vital to have a comprehensive understanding of the nature and scope of the problem.

Objective: The objective of the study was to identify the risk factors that are associated with coronary artery disease in teenagers and to ascertain the links that exist between those risk factors and other important variables.

Methodology: To conduct the evaluation, a descriptive survey methodology was selected. This decision was made in accordance with the Health Belief Model. A semi-structured interview was conducted for the aim of acquiring background information, whereas a structured interview was utilized for the purpose of researching information related to risk factors. Both interviews were conducted in order to gather that information. In order to compute and analyse the Body Mass Index (BMI), as well as to determine the body weight and blood pressure, descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. Additionally, BMI was calculated when body weight was measured.

Results: Eighteen per cent of teenagers were found to have a higher risk of acquiring coronary artery disease, whereas seventy-two per cent of adolescents were classified as having an intermediate risk of developing the illness. Fifty-seven per cent of the teenagers had a history of hypertension or coronary artery disease in their families. A substantial connection was not discovered between the risk factors of the teenagers and the demographic variables that were chosen, with the exception of age. This was the only element that was shown to be relevant. Based on the results of the study, it was determined that teenagers are at risk of developing coronary artery disease in the future due to the presence of specific risk factors.

Conclusion: In light of this, it is essential to raise awareness about the importance of health among adolescents in educational institutions, residential complexes, and the greater society as a whole. It is vital to note that the outcomes of this study have significant implications for nursing educational methods, nursing administration, nursing research, and nursing practice.