Enhancing Self Efficacy in Coronary Heart Disease Prevention: The Role of Heart Healthy Literacy among Young Adults in Southern Philippines

Abstract

Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) poses a substantial global health challenge, particularly among young adults. Understanding the factors influencing heart healthy practices and self efficacy in CHD prevention is critical for effective interventions. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the influence of Heart Healthy Literacy on self efficacy in CHD prevention among young adults in Barangay Lomidong, Marawi City, Philippines. Additionally, it sought to identify barriers hindering the management of CHD. Methods: Employing the Health Promotion Theory, this study adopted a concurrent mixed methods approach. Quantitative data from validated surveys explored participants' profiles, health status, information sources, health literacy, and self efficacy. Multiple regression and correlation analyses were employed to determine predictors of Heart Healthy Literacy and its correlation with self efficacy. Qualitative data collected from interviews underwent content and thematic analysis to identify barriers to heart healthy practices among young adults. Results: Educational attainment and information sources significantly predicted Heart Healthy Literacy among young adults in Barangay Lomidong, Marawi City, Philippines. The findings show a strong positive correlation between Heart Healthy Literacy and self efficacy. Qualitative findings unveiled six key themes hindering heart healthy practices among Barangay Lomidong young adults. These themes include (1) Limited Access to Information and Resources, (2) Psychological and Behavioral Challenges, (3) Socioeconomic Factors, (4) Social and Environmental Factors, (5) Urbanization and Technological Influences, and (6) Policy and System Level Barriers. These findings contribute to understanding the multifaceted nature of heart healthy practices and inform targeted interventions to improve self efficacy and prevent and manage CHD among young adults in the community. Conclusion: Heart healthy literacy significantly influences self efficacy in heart healthy behaviors among young adults. Interventions should focus on improving Heart Healthy Literacy and addressing the identified barriers to enhance self efficacy and ultimately reduce the burden of CHD among young adults in the community.