Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS): A Review

Abstract

Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) is an emerging Nero modulation therapy used for a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Initially developed for the treatment of refractory epilepsy, VNS has expanded its applications to include depression, anxiety, and other chronic conditions. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms, clinical efficacy, safety, and future directions of VNS therapy. Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) is an innovative neuromodulation therapy initially developed for the treatment of refractory epilepsy. Over time, its applications have expanded to include depression, anxiety, and other chronic conditions. This review provides a detailed overview of the mechanisms, clinical efficacy, safety, and future directions of VNS therapy, supported by current literature. Empirical studies on the impact of stress on physical and mental health are discussed, emphasizing the importance of effective coping strategies in mitigating adverse outcomes. The review concludes with recommendations for future research and practical implications for enhancing coping skills to improve overall well-being.