Application of Adsorption Process for the Removal of Chromium (Cr³⁺) from Produced Water by Lemon Peels

Abstract

This research aimed to determine whether or not a natural waste adsorbent can effectively remove chromium ions from produced water systems. Lemon peels were used in a system as a batch, and several parameters were investigated to acquire a more in-depth comprehension of this process. These parameters included the following: pH (1.5-8.5), contact duration (30-160 minutes), starting concentration of metal ions (20-120 milligram/l), adsorbent substance quantity of (0.25-2 g), and speed of agitation (50-300 rpm). Every single experiment was carried out at the outside temperature. According to the findings, the optimal removal effectiveness of chromium utilizing activated lemon peels with CeO₂ was 92.78%. This was accomplished under the following conditions: a pH of 3.5, an adsorbent dosage of 2 g/100 ml, a contact length of 160 minutes, a metal concentration of 50 mg/L, and an agitation speed of 300 revolutions per minute. When compared to the Freund-lich and Tem-kin models, the isotherm model of adsorption Langmuir provides a more accurate representation of the equilibrium adsorption data for Cr³⁺. A further point to consider is that the Pseudo Second Order kinetics model exhibits a better fit than the Elovich and Pseudo First Order models. The findings of this study indicate that lemon peels can be utilized as a cost-effective and locally sourced adsorbent to remove Cr³⁺ from water that has been created effectively.