Journal of Water Resources and Pollution Studies

Assessing Key Factors and Strategies for Reducing Waste Generation in Construction Material Manufacturing

Dheena Dayalan G. U. — 2025-02-25

In the construction industry, waste generation during material manufacturing poses significant environmental and economic challenges. As the demand for construction materials grows, so does the need to address waste, which contributes to resource depletion, pollution, and increased costs. Effective waste reduction strategies are essential to support sustainable practices, reduce the environmental footprint, and improve overall efficiency in the sector. This term paper, titled “Assessing key factors and strategies for reducing waste generation in construction material manufacturing,” investigates the main factors contributing to waste, such as inefficient production processes, material handling issues, and inadequate quality control. Through an extensive literature review, critical waste factors are identified and analyzed using frequency analysis. Insights gained from a survey of industry professionals provide perspectives on influential waste factors, practical challenges, and industry perceptions. Furthermore, case studies on successful waste reduction strategies are compared with literature and survey findings to draw practical conclusions. This study ultimately seeks to identify effective strategies for minimizing waste in construction material manufacturing, fostering more sustainable and efficient industry practices.

A Review on Integrating Smart Aquifer Recharge Systems into Urban Road Networks: A Sustainable Approach to Water Management and Urban Resilience

Mahadeva M. — 2025-01-18

This literature review examines the integration of Smart Aquifer Recharge Systems (SARS) into urban road networks to address groundwater depletion, urban flooding, and water scarcity. The SARS approach involves innovative techniques such as collecting runoff water from roads using perforated medians and corner drainage systems and directing it through sedimentation tanks for pre-treatment before infiltration. Studies highlight the significance of managing stormwater in urban areas, where impervious surfaces limit natural recharge, contributing to the decline of flooding and the water table decline. Key findings reveal the potential of advanced filtration systems, permeable pavements, and GIS-based site selection to enhance recharge efficiency. Challenges such as maintenance, space constraints in urban areas, and irregular rainfall patterns are also discussed. Existing research underscores the need for real-time monitoring and adaptive management to optimize recharge efforts. This review identifies gaps in long-term system performance and scalability in high-density urban regions. By focusing on integrating SARS into road infrastructure, the study aims to contribute to sustainable urban water management and align with global sustainability goals. The findings are a foundation for implementing cost-effective and innovative solutions in cities like Bangalore, addressing critical water challenges while improving urban resilience.

Approximation of Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency for Benin Metropolis, Nigeria

Egop, S. E. — 2025-03-11

Climate change has led to drought and flood recurrence and erratic changes in the meteorological parameters in this fragment of the globe, leading to damage of assets, deaths, food shortages, and more. A crucial tool in water resources engineering is predicting the Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) relationship. The goal of this study is to establish the rainfall intensity-duration-frequency model and curves for Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. The Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) provided 30 years of rainfall data, which was sorted for frequency analysis. This work aims to establish a mathematical IDF model for the prediction of rainfall intensity for variable rainfall durations and return periods and to validate the model using statistical test statistic for its justification. The IDF model was developed using storm durations of 5, 10, 30, 60, 120, 240, 360, and 720 minutes, as well as the corresponding frequency of recurrence. The IDF curves for this investigation were created using the generalized empirical technique. The Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Coefficient of Determination ( ), and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were used in the validation of the IDF formulation. The MAE, RMSE NSE, and were 25.9975, 40.80850736, 0.988154265, and 0.980978124 which explains the model to be trustworthy for approximation.

A Case Study of the Impact of Madina Medical Hospital on the Water Quality of the Tigris River: A Review

Zahraa Hassen Abd Ali — 2025-02-20

The Tigris River is the only source of drinking water in Baghdad and its suburbs, so there are many water treatment plants on its banks. Tigris River is polluted with pollutant inputs from sources like industrial effluents, domestic sewage, and agricultural practices, and, therefore, many indices were applied to estimate the quality of water in Baghdad to convert the physical and chemical qualities of water into one general value of the whole state of the river. The problem is to know the impact of sewage sources from the Medical City Hospital in Baghdad on fresh surface water in the Tigris River directly and at any specific distance. The tests required to determine water quality for: temperature (T), electrical conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), acidity (pH), chloride (Cl^-), sulfate (SO₄), phosphate (PO₄), and dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), heavy metals Fe (Iron), Cu (Cu), Mn (Manganese), Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), and Cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr). Predicting distribution for pollutant concentrations in a river is important for selecting the location of water inlets for various uses such as agricultural, industrial, and sanitary waters, and predicting pollutant transport provides valuable information for river quality management.