Smart Dust Control: Vacuum and Blower Solutions for Safer Construction

Abstract

Construction sites are prone to excessive dust, debris, and airborne particles, posing risks to worker health, equipment reliability, and operational efficiency. This study proposes an Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled smart vacuum cleaner system that integrates vacuum and blower functionalities to enhance dust control, sustainability, and safety in construction environments. Unlike conventional robotic cleaners with limited intelligence and poor navigation, the proposed system employs microcontroller-based architecture, sensor fusion (infrared and ultrasonic), and adaptive path-planning strategies to achieve autonomous navigation, obstacle avoidance, and efficient coverage. Real-time monitoring and remote control are facilitated through IoT frameworks, enabling data transmission via Wi-Fi for cloud-based analytics, predictive maintenance, and user interaction through mobile/web platforms. Experimental evaluation across varied indoor scenarios demonstrates improved cleaning efficiency, reduced energy consumption, and enhanced automation compared to traditional systems. The adaptive cleaning strategies dynamically adjust suction power and movement speed based on dirt levels, optimizing energy use while maintaining high cleaning effectiveness. Results confirm reliable obstacle detection, stable navigation, and robust performance under diverse environmental conditions. By combining vacuum and blower systems within an IoT framework, the solution offers a scalable, sustainable, and cost-effective approach to dust management in construction sites. This research contributes to advancing smart cleaning technologies by bridging occupational health, environmental sustainability, and intelligent automation, positioning IoT-based vacuum systems as a transformative solution for modern construction practices.