2D CNC Plotter Integrated with Arduino

Abstract

This study presents the development of a 2D CNC plotter integrated with Arduino. Arduino-based 2D CNC plotters have been developed to draw attention owing to their ease of implementation, precision, and affordability. Initial CNC plotters employed industrial controllers, but open-source platforms such as GRBL firmware and Arduino have improved their accessibility. Stepper motor-based motion control systems have been researched by experts for accurate plotting and engraving. Experiments have also maximized mechanical design, firmware, and G-code creation for efficiency. Prior research emphasized increasing accuracy, minimizing costs, and adding support for features like servo-based pen control and calibration.

In our project, we have emphasized reducing the cost of the CNC plotter by utilizing easily available and inexpensive components. We have improved its reliability by optimizing motor control and minimizing mechanical vibrations. Our design is flexible, enabling multiple tool attachments for various applications. We have also enhanced performance by optimizing stepper motor movements and G-code processing, leading to greater precision and smoother operation.