IoT-Based Pick and Place Robotic Vehicle

Abstract

The rapid growth of automation and Industry 4.0 technologies has increased the demand for intelligent robotic systems capable of performing repetitive industrial operations with high precision and efficiency. This research paper presents the design and development of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based pick and place robotic vehicle capable of remote monitoring and object manipulation. The proposed system integrates a mobile robotic platform, a 4-DOF robotic arm, wireless communication modules, sensors, and cloud connectivity for real-time control and data transmission. The vehicle is designed using a microcontroller-based architecture with Wi-Fi-enabled communication for remote access through a smartphone or web interface. Servo motors and DC motors are employed for arm movement and vehicle navigation, respectively. Experimental investigations show that the system achieves an object handling accuracy of 92.5% for payloads up to 250 grams under diverse structural orientations. The integrated NodeMCU ESP8266 communication framework demonstrates robust remote connectivity with an average response latency of 1.8 seconds. Additionally, the platform exhibits a 94.0% obstacle avoidance efficiency rate during dynamic indoor tracking tests. The proposed system can be effectively implemented in industrial automation, hazardous material handling, warehouse management, and healthcare applications.