Smart Farming with IoT: Real-Time Monitoring and Resource Optimization

Authors

  • Mithlesh Arya Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • Ashish Vats Undergraute Student, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • Aditya Pareek Undergraute Student, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • Vinay Soni Undergraute Student, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • Megha Gupta Undergraute Student, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • Abha Jain Undergraute Student, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Keywords:

IoT, Precision Agriculture, Real-Time Monitoring, Resource Optimization, Rice Crop, Smart Farming

Abstract

The growing global population has placed tremendous pressure on agriculture to produce more food with limited resources. Traditional farming practices, often based on experience and manual observation, fail to meet modern requirements for sustainability and efficiency. The Internet of Things (IoT) offers a solution through real-time monitoring, automation, and data-driven decision-making. This research explores how IoT-based smart farming systems can enhance productivity, optimize resource utilization, and improve crop health, using rice cultivation as a case study. The proposed IoT framework integrates sensors, cloud computing, and mobile applications to collect and analyze data on soil moisture, pH, temperature, and nutrient levels. Results demonstrate that IoT-enabled monitoring significantly improves irrigation and fertilizer management, leading to better yields and resource efficiency.

References

X. Yang, L. Shu, J. Chen, “A Survey on Smart Agriculture: Development Modes, Technologies, and Security and Privacy Challenges,” IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 273–302, Feb. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/jas.2020.1003536

M. S. Farooq, S. Riaz, A. Abid, K. Abid, and M. A. Naeem, “A Survey on the Role of IoT in Agriculture for the Implementation of Smart Farming,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, no. 2169–3536, pp. 156237–156271, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2949703

H. Shahab, M. Naeem, M. Iqbal, M. Aqeel, and S. S. Ullah, “IoT-Driven Smart Agricultural Technology for Real-Time Soil and Crop Optimization,” Smart Agricultural Technology, vol. 10, p. 100847, Feb. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atech.2025.100847

J. B. Arogundade, “Leveraging IoT and Smart Sensors for Real-Time Monitoring and Yield Optimization in Smart Farming,” International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 2149–2164, Oct. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.5.1024.2820

S. Shapsough, M. Takrouri, and R. Dhaouadi, “An MQTT-Based Scalable Architecture for Remote Monitoring and Control of Large-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Systems,” Springer eBooks, pp. 57–67, Dec. 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05928-6_6

M. Ayaz, M. Ammad-uddin, Z. Sharif, A. Mansour, and el-Hadi M. Aggoune, “Internet-of-Things (IoT) based Smart Agriculture: Towards Making the Fields Talk,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–1, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2932609

R. Alfred, J. H. Obit, C. C. P. Yee, H. Haviluddin, and Y. Lim, “Towards Paddy Rice Smart Farming: A Review on Big Data, Machine Learning and Rice Production Tasks,” IEEE Access, pp. 1–1, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3069449

V. P. Kour and S. Arora, “Recent Developments of the Internet of Things in Agriculture: A Survey,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 129924–129957, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3009298

I. Dario Lopez, A. Figueroa, and J. Carlos Corrales, “Multi-Dimensional Data Preparation: A Process to Support Vulnerability Analysis and Climate Change Adaptation,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 87228–87242, Jan. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2992255

S. A. Bhat and N.-F. Huang, “Big Data and AI Revolution in Precision Agriculture: Survey and Challenges,” ResearchGate, vol. 9, Aug. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3102227

O. Kopishynska, Y. Utkin, O. Galych, and M. Marenych, “Main Aspects of the Creation of Managing Information System at the Implementation of Precision Farming,” 2018 IEEE 9th International Conference on Dependable Systems, Services and Technologies (DESSERT), pp. 404–410, May 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/dessert50317.2020.9125072

H. Soeparno, A. S. Perbangsa, and B. Pardamean, “Best Practices of Agricultural Information System in the Context of Knowledge and Innovation,” 2018 International Conference on Information Management and Technology (ICIMTech), Sep. 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/icimtech.2018.8528187

F. Zhang and N. Cao, “Application and Research Progress of Geographic Information System (GIS) in Agriculture,” 2019 8th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics), Jul. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics.2019.8820476

S. Wolfert, L. Ge, C. Verdouw, and M.-J. Bogaardt, “Big Data in Smart Farming – A review,” Agricultural Systems, vol. 153, no. 1, pp. 69–80, May 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2017.01.023

M. M. Alam, H. Malik, M. I. Khan, T. Pardy, A. Kuusik, and Y. Le Moullec, “A Survey on the Roles of Communication Technologies in IoT-Based Personalized Healthcare Applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 36611–36631, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2853148

L. Chettri and R. Bera, “A Comprehensive Survey on Internet of Things (IoT) Towards 5G Wireless Systems,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–1, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2948888

A. Sengupta, B. Debnath, A. Das, and D. De, “FarmFox: A Quad-Sensor-Based IoT Box for Precision Agriculture,” IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 63–68, Jul. 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/mce.2021.3064818

Published

2025-11-24