Bio-Hydrogen Production from Agro-Waste

Abstract

Paddy is one of the most widely cultivated crops worldwide and plays a vital role in food security. However, its cultivation also produces a large amount of agro-waste such as straw, stubble, and husk. Traditionally, these residues are discarded, left to decompose, or openly burned. Such practices cause serious environmental issues because they release harmful greenhouse gases like methane and nitrous oxide, along with particulate matter that contributes to air pollution and climate change. Finding sustainable ways to manage this waste is therefore urgent. This project explores an innovative approach to utilize paddy straw agro-waste for producing composite materials. Instead of viewing straw and husk as worthless by-products, the study aims to convert them into valuable resources. Developing composites from these residues not only lessens environmental impact but also provides a pathway for resource recovery. Additionally, the potential of these materials for bio-hydrogen production is highlighted. Hydrogen, being a clean and renewable energy carrier, offers a promising alternative to fossil fuels. By channeling paddy agro-waste into composite development and energy generation, the project supports effective waste management and promotes the principles of a circular economy. This approach combines sustainability, innovation, and energy efficiency while addressing urgent environmental challenges.