Voltage and Frequency Control of SEIGs Used in Pico-Hydro Generation

Abstract

This project presents a detailed study on the utilization of self-excited induction generators (SEIGs) in pico-hydro power generation systems. Pico-hydro systems, which typically generate less than 5 kW of power, are ideally suited for remote and rural areas where grid connectivity is either unavailable or unreliable. These systems offer a low-cost and sustainable solution for meeting the basic electricity needs of small communities. The core focus of this study is the self-excited induction generator, which has emerged as a highly efficient and robust alternative to traditional synchronous generators for small-scale renewable energy generation.

SEIGs operate without the need for an external power supply or excitation system. Instead, they rely on residual magnetism in the rotor and external capacitors connected to the stator terminals to initiate and maintain voltage generation. This makes them particularly suitable for off-grid applications, where simplicity, reliability, and minimal maintenance are essential. The project investigates the basic operating principles of SEIGs, their construction, and the role of capacitive excitation in establishing the required magnetic field. Through theoretical analysis and practical implementation, the project evaluates the performance of SEIGs under various load conditions, including resistive and inductive loads.