Survey of Air Quality Index Monitoring Using Sensor-Based Drone

Abstract

The objective of this research is to study a semi-autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) that is fitted with sensors. Its purpose is to monitor and gather real-time air quality data in specific locations and transmit it to a ground station. This project involves the utilization of air quality sensors to detect and communicate real-time data from the aircraft to the ground. Conversely, the software implementation component involves connecting sensors and creating a platform for viewing and visualizing air quality data and live video streaming. The proposed concept incorporates many sensors for the measurement of temperature, humidity, dust, CO, CO₂, and O₃. The gathered data is sent over a wireless internet connection to a server, which will store and provide access to authorized parties through an android phone or website in near real-time. This study consists of a comprehensive analysis of the most recent developments in using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to monitor air quality. The text explores the technological challenges associated with the operation, control, and maintenance of drones, as well as the interactions between air quality sensors and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Our survey uncovered areas of study for future research, which we classified into three categories based on their connection to UAV algorithms and methodologies, sensor processing pipelines and structures, or the broader implications and frameworks governing the utilization of UAVs. While UAVs are now used for some air quality monitoring tasks, there is still much room for improvement in fully using the potential of UAV-based monitoring. The survey starts the first phase of defining this trajectory.