Design and Development of a Cost-effective IoT-based Real-time Air Quality Monitoring and Control System
Keywords:
- AQI (Air Quality Index), Multisensor, NodeMCU, Real-time, Thinger.io.Abstract
This paper describes the design and development of an affordable real-time air quality monitoring and control system based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The system integrates multiple sensors to continuously track air pollutants and environmental conditions. At its core, an ESP8266 (NodeMCU) microcontroller processes sensor data and enables Wi-Fi connectivity for cloud-based monitoring. The DHT22 sensor measures temperature and humidity, while MQ135 detects air pollutants, MQ2 monitors combustible gases, and PM2.5 (DMS501A) measures fine particulate matter concentrations. Unlike conventional air monitoring systems that solely collect and display data, the proposed system features an automated control mechanism. When pollution levels exceed predefined thresholds, the system activates an air purifier to reduce airborne contaminants and a DC 5V humidifier (USB spray module 108kHz) to regulate indoor humidity. The acquired data is transmitted to Thinger.io, a cloud-based IoT platform, enabling real-time visualization, remote access, and historical analysis. Additionally, the system calculates a localized Air Quality Index (AQI) specific to Anantapur, providing a more relevant assessment of air pollution levels. The integration of multi-sensor fusion, cloud-based real-time monitoring, and automated air quality control makes this system more efficient, responsive, and accessible compared to existing models.
References
V. V. Pradeep and V. Ilaiyaraja, “Analysis and control the air quality using NodeMCU”, International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 2591-2593, 2018. Available at: https://www.ijariit.com/manuscripts/v4i2/V4I2-2148.pdf
T. H. Nasution, M. A. Muchtar, and A. Simon, “Designing an IoT-based air quality monitoring system,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 648, p. 012037, Oct. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/648/1/012037
Gouri Patil, M. Fatima, M. Shaheen, M. Shabnam Fatima, M. Syeda, and R. Shireen, “IOT based air quality monitoring system using Thingspeak,” International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews Journal, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 4104–4109, 2023, Available: https://ijrpr.com/uploads/V4ISSUE5/IJRPR13296.pdf
A. Vasanth, A. Agrawal, A. Bohara, J. Bebarta, M. Ahmed, and D. Suma, “Air pollution monitoring system using IoT,” International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 2320–2882, 2021, Available: https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2107181.pdf
S. Chanthakit and C. Rattanapoka, “MQTT based air quality monitoring system using node MCU and node-RED,” 2018 Seventh ICT International Student Project Conference (ICT-ISPC), Nakhonpathom, Thailand, 2018, pp. 1-5, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT-ISPC.2018.8523891
S. Chappidi, S. Uppala, R. V. and S. V, “Design and development of low cost and low power air quality monitoring system through IoT”, International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering, vol.13, no. 08, pp. 43-47, 2024. Available: https://ijarse.com/images/fullpdf/1724826876_Y3039.pdf
A. Jayakumar, P. Y. T. K., V. P. K. K., and R. K., “IoT based air pollution monitoring system”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), vol. 8, no. 3, Mar. 2021. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350679256_IoT_Based_Air_Pollution_Monitoring_System
M. P. Gowda, H. G. Y, J. K. N, Srushti, and P. R, “Air quality monitoring system,” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, vol. 9, no. 12, Jul. 2021, Available. https://www.ijert.org/air-quality-monitoring-system
D. Verma, S. Dhul, R. Saini, and R. Dubey, “IoT based air pollution monitoring system,” International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management (IJIREM), vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 116-120, 2018, Available: https://ijirem.org/DOC/5_iot-based-air-pollution-monitoring-system.pdf
L. M. Joshi, “Research paper on IOT-based Air and sound pollution monitoring system,” International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 178, no. 7, pp. 36–49, 2017, Available: https://www.ijcaonline.org/archives/volume178/number7/28695-2017915840/
