E-Governance in the Modern World: A Global Perspective

Authors

  • Sheikh Abdul Kader
  • Farhana Noor
  • Fatema Akter
  • Muhammad Nouman Murtaza Awan
  • Alif Ibne Saba Hridoy

Keywords:

Citizen participation, Digital transformation, E-governance, Global best practices, ICT in governance, Public administration

Abstract

The emergence of E-Governance as a disruptive influence on social media as a whole has deepened and widened the gap between the Government and its citizens. The relationship has changed from face to face engagements to more technological service platforms which are more efficient. The technological aspect of e-governance encompasses both the virtual and the manual approaches. The practical aspects are meant to utilize the manual e-governance systems and digital technologies for maximum returns. Such advances e-governance systems increases value for tax payers as well as citizens of the state. Governments have the powerful capability to utilize these systems to eliminate duplicate record systems, close gaps in government transparency, and eliminate. The rise of E-Governance as a disruptive force on social media has deepened and widened the gap between the government and its citizens. The relationship has shifted from face-to-face interactions to more technological service platforms that are more efficient. The technological aspects of e-governance include both virtual and manual approaches. The practical side aims to utilize manual e-governance systems and digital technologies for maximum benefits. Such advances in e-governance systems increase value for taxpayers as well as citizens of the state. Governments have the powerful ability to use these systems to eliminate duplicate records, close gaps in government transparency, and reduce bureaucratic delays. E-Governance promotes participatory democracy by involving citizens in administrative processes, civil service, and policy making, which strengthens the state. The components of e-governance include e-administration, e-participation, e-democracy, and e-services, all of which enhance the ecosystem for better service delivery. Worldwide, the successful implementation of Estonia’s digital residency, India’s Unified Payments Interface, and Rwanda’s Irembo platform demonstrate that well-executed e-governance improves service delivery, efficiency, and democratic participation. However, these successes also highlight key issues like digital illiteracy, infrastructural gaps, cybersecurity threats, and sociocultural resistance. Therefore, e-governance should be viewed not just as a set of technological advancements but as a fundamental transformation of governance in the modern world, aimed at promoting greater equity, efficiency, and civic engagement iminate bureaucratic lag. E-Governance encourages a participatory democracy by integrating citizens into administrative processes, civil service, and policy making, which increases the state. The e-governance components include e-administration, e-participation, e-democracy, and e-services, and they all strengthen the ecosystem for improved service delivery. Around the world, the successful implementation of Estonia’s digital residency, India’s Unified Payments Interface, and Rwanda’s Irembo platform demonstrate that properly executed e-governance enhances service delivery, efficiency, and democratic participation. However, these achievements also highlight important issues like digital illiteracy, infrastructural deficits, cyber security threats, and sociocultural backlash. Thus, e-governance must be conceptualized not merely as a set of technological advances, but rather as a fundamental reconstruction of governance in the contemporary world, aimed at fostering greater equity, efficiency, and civic engagement.

References

West, D. M. (2004). E‐government and the transformation of service delivery and citizen attitudes. Public Administration Review, 64(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2004.00343.x

Schwester, R. W. (2009). Examining the Barriers to e‑Government Adoption. Electronic Journal of e-government, 7(1), 113-122. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228704019_Examining_the_Barriers_to_e-Government_Adoption

Zayed, N. M., Edeh, F. O., Darwish, S., Islam, K. M. A., Kryshtal, H., Nitsenko, V., Stanislavyk, O. (2022d). Human Resource Skill Adjustment in Service Sector: Predicting Dynamic Capability in Post COVID-19 Work Environment. Journal of Risk and Financial Management. 15(9):402. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15090402

Bertot, J. C., Jaeger, P. T., & Grimes, J. M. (2010). Using ICTs to Create a Culture of Transparency: E-Government and Social Media as Openness and Anti-Corruption Tools for Societies. Government Information Quarterly, 27(3), 264–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2010.03.001

Reddick, C. G. (2004). A two-stage model of e-government growth: Theories and empirical evidence for US cities. Government Information Quarterly, 21(1), 51-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2003.11.004

Akman, I., Yazici, A., Mishra, A., & Arifoglu, A. (2005). E-Government: A global view and an empirical evaluation of some attributes of citizens. Government Information Quarterly, 22(2), 239-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2004.12.001

Zayed, N. M., Rashid, M. M., Darwish, S., Alam, M. F. E., Nitesenko, V. & Islam, K. M. A. (2022c). The Power of Compensation System (CS) on Employee Satisfaction (ES): The Mediating Role of Employee Motivation (EM). Economies. 10(11), 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10110290

Heeks, R. (2001). Understanding e-Governance for Development. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3540058

United Nations. (2003). World public sector report 2003: E-government at the crossroads. United Nations Publications. https://doi.org/10.18356/9789211558081

Kim, P. S. (2005). Introduction: challenges and opportunities for democracy, administration, and law. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 71(1), 99-108. https://doi.org/10.1177/002085230505168

Khouya, M. (2023). E-Governance: Origin, challenges, and prospects in the era of ICTs and artificial intelligence. African Scientific Journal, 3(18), 884-884. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8319464

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2018). E-Government Development Index (EGDI): Bangladesh. UN E-Government Knowledgebase. https://publicadministration.un.org/egovkb/en-us/Data/Country-Information/id/14-Bangladesh?utm_source=chatgpt.com

UNDESA. (2020). E-Government Survey 2020: Digital Government in the Decade of Action for Sustainable Development – With Addendum on COVID-19 Response. New York: United Nations. https://publicadministration.un.org/egovkb/en-us/Reports/UN-E-Government-Survey-2020

Bannister, F., & Connolly, R. (2011). The trouble with transparency: a critical review of openness in e‐government. Policy & Internet, 3(1), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.2202/1944-2866.1076

Batool, S., Gill, S. A., Javaid, S., & Khan, A. J. (2021). Good governance via E-Governance: moving towards digitalization for a digital economy. Review of Applied Management and Social Sciences, 4(4), 823-836. https://doi.org/10.47067/ramss.v4i4.186

Edeh, F.O., Zayed, N. M., Darwish, S., Nitsenko, V., Hanechko, I. & Islam, K. M. A. (2023). Impression Management and Employee Contextual Performance in Service Organizations (Enterprises). Emerging Science Journal (ESJ), 7(2), 366-384. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-02-05

Basu, S. (2004). E‐government and developing countries: an overview. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology, 18(1), 109–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600860410001674779

Mia, M. M., Shamsudin, M. F., & Zayed, N. M. (2023). Crowdsourcing for business strategy and sustainability: a partial least squares structural equation model. Naukovij Vìsnik Nacìonalʹnogo Gìrničogo Unìversitetu, (3), 184–193. https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2023-3/184

Chadwick, A. (2006). Internet Politics: States, Citizens, and New Communication Technologies. Oxford University Press.

Bazaluk, O., Rahman, M. A., Zayed, N. M., Faisal-E-Alam, M., Nitesenko, V. & Kucher, L. (2024). Crowdsourcing review: the crowd workers‟ perspective. Journal of Industrial and Business Economics. 51(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40812-023-00295-9

Edeh, F. O., Zayed, N. M., Faisal-E-Alam, M., Nitsenko, V., & Bazaluk, O. (2024). Flexible working arrangements on employee well-being concerning the mobile telecommunication industry. The TQM Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-11-2023-0390

Zayed, N. M.; Edeh, F.O.; Islam, K.M.A.; Nitsenko, V.; Dubovyk, T.; Doroshuk, H. (2022b). An Investigation into the Effect of Knowledge Management on Employee Retention in the Telecom Sector. Administrative Sciences. 12(4), 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12040138

Jansen, A., & Olnes, S. (2016). The nature of public e-services and their quality dimensions. Government Information Quarterly, 33(4), 647-657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2016.08.005

Roger, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of Innovations, Fifth edition, New York: Free PressChoudrie, J., & Dwivedi, Y., (2005). A survey of citizens‟ awareness and adoption of e-government initiatives, the „government gateway‟: A United Kingdom perspective. Iseing. Org, 5, 1-13. https://scispace.com/pdf/citizen-adoption-of-e-government-services-exploring-citizen-2zp2rubfu2.pdf

Choudrie, J., & Dwivedi, Y., (2005). A survey of citizens‟ awareness and adoption of e-government initiatives, the „government gateway‟: A United Kingdom perspective. Iseing. Org, 5, 1-13. https://scispace.com/pdf/citizen-adoption-of-e-government-services-exploring-citizen-2zp2rubfu2.pdf

Arduini, D., & Zanfei, A. (2014). An overview of scholarly research on public e-services? A meta-analysis of the literature. Telecommunications Policy, 38(5-6), 476-495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2013.10.007

Macintosh, A. (2004). Characterizing e-participation in policy-making. In the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2004. Proceedings of the (pp. 10-pp). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2004.1265300

Coleman, S., & Blumler, J. G. (2009). The Internet and democratic citizenship: Theory, practice and policy. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511818271

Al-Khouri, A. M. (2011). An innovative approach for e-government transformation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1105.6358. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1105.6358

Zayed, N. M., Edeh, F. O., Islam, K. M. A., Nitsenko, V., Polova, O., & Khaietska, O. (2022). Utilization of Knowledge Management as Business Resilience Strategy for Microentrepreneurs in Post-COVID-19 Economy. Sustainability, 14(23), 15789. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315789

Chandra, R. (2023). The Impact of the Digital India Programme on the Indian Economy. Diversified Dimensions of Digital Media, 127. 32. Yıldırım, S., & Bostancı, S. H. (2021). The efficiency of e-government portal management from a citizen perspective: evidences from Turkey. World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, 18(3), 259-273

Tammpuu, P., & Masso, A. (2018). „Welcome to the virtual state‟: Estonian e-residency and the digitalised state as a commodity. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 21(5), 543-560. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549417751148

Estonian Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications. (2014). Digital Agenda 2020 for Estonia. Estonian Government Publications. https://wp.itl.ee/files/DigitalAgenda2020_Estonia_ENG.pdf

European Commission. (2020). Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) 2020: Country Report Estonia. European Commission Publications. https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/desi-estonia

European Commission. (2024). Use of websites or apps of public authorities by individuals, by age group (including indicators ISOC_CIEGI_AC). Eurostat. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_ciegi_ac/bookmark/table?lang=en&bookmarkId=bb3acabb-6bed-4bd5-889f-4a0e42f39ee5&c=1740144072592

Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology. (2020). BharatNet Project.

Duman, E., & Aktel, M. (2021). Türkiye‟ nin E-Devlet Kapisi (Dijital Türkiye Portali). Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 613-641. https://doi.org/10.52273/sduhfd..957529

Huawei. (2019). Bangladesh country profile – Global Connectivity Index 2019. Huawei Global Connectivity Index. https://www.huawei.com/minisite/gci/en/country-profile-bd.html

Published

2025-09-24

How to Cite

Sheikh Abdul Kader, Farhana Noor, Fatema Akter, Muhammad Nouman Murtaza Awan, & Alif Ibne Saba Hridoy. (2025). E-Governance in the Modern World: A Global Perspective. Journal of Business Analytics and Data Visualization (e-ISSN: 2584-1637), 6(2), 16–30. Retrieved from https://matjournals.net/engineering/index.php/JBADV/article/view/2474