Optimization of Lightning Current Discharge in a Distribution System (Case Study: Salvation Ministries Cathedral Project)
Keywords:
Arrester, Distribution system, Electrical Transient and Analysis Program (ETAP), Lightning, Matrix laboratory (MATLAB), Power systemAbstract
This study presents an optimization framework for mitigating lightning-induced transients in the electrical distribution system. The Salvation Ministries Cathedral Project is a high-profile facility in Igwuruta, Rivers State, Nigeria, with approximately 16 MW load. This research addresses the region’s high lightning density of 32.0 events/km²/year by leveraging computational modelling and optimization techniques to enhance system reliability. The methodology integrates ETAP 19 for load flow analysis and short circuit analysis, MATLAB/Simulink for modelling and simulating a radial 11 kV network, incorporating standard 8/20 μs current and 1.2/50 μs voltage impulses to investigate lightning strike characteristics in the electrical distribution system and provide a solution to such characteristic behaviour. Key analyses include steady-state performance test case, transient state vulnerabilities fault current test case, and mitigation test case with 12 kV MCOV surge arresters, clamping the induced surge voltage and current, reducing peak voltage and fault current in the electrical distribution system, and achieving 90% reductions. Additionally, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model using PuLP is used to optimize arrester placement across critical locations, achieving reduction in outage cost and installation cost. Recommendations include immediate arrester deployment, real-time monitoring integration, and compliance with IEC standards for safety and reliability in the electrical distribution system. The findings contribute to sustainable power delivery in lightning-prone regions globally, aligning with international standards and local energy goals.
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