A Comprehensive Review on PIR Sensor-Based Light Automation Systems
Keywords:
Automation, Energy efficiency, Lighting control, Motion detection, PIR sensor, Smart homeAbstract
In the pursuit of sustainable energy consumption and smart building solutions, Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor-based light automation systems offer a highly efficient and user-friendly method for reducing electricity wastage. These systems operate by detecting infrared radiation emitted from moving objects, typically humans or animals, to control lighting automatically based on occupancy. This approach eliminates the need for manual switching and ensures that lights are only activated when needed, thereby optimizing energy usage across residential, commercial, and public spaces.
This review paper explores the design, working principles, and practical implementation of PIR sensor-based lighting systems. It delves into the hardware components involved, such as PIR sensors, transistors, relay modules, and power supplies, emphasizing their roles in creating a responsive and cost-effective automation solution. Additionally, the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has significantly enhanced the functionality of such systems, enabling users to remotely monitor and control lighting via mobile applications, increasing both convenience and energy optimization. The paper also presents a detailed literature survey highlighting recent advancements, including systems with ambient light sensing, wireless connectivity, and machine learning integration for improved motion detection accuracy. Despite challenges like false triggers and environmental sensitivity, ongoing innovations continue to expand the potential of these systems. This study concludes that PIR-based light automation holds immense promise for achieving energy efficiency, reducing operational costs, and contributing to the development of intelligent building infrastructures. The growing demand for smart and eco-friendly technologies further underscores the relevance of this research in modern energy management strategies.
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