The Role of DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid) in Ophthalmic Microemulsion Formulations: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Ophthalmic microemulsions represent a promising platform for delivering therapeutic agents to the eye due to their enhanced stability, bioavailability, and patient compliance. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid renowned for its beneficial effects on eye health, has garnered significant interest in its potential application in ophthalmic formulations in recent years. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of DHA in the preparation of ophthalmic microemulsions. DHA offers several advantages, including enhanced bioavailability, anti-inflammatory properties, neuroprotection, stabilization of formulations, moisturizing, lubricating effects, and antioxidant activity. These properties make DHA a promising candidate for incorporation into ophthalmic microemulsions to treat various ocular conditions, including dry eye syndrome, uveitis, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma. Understanding the role of DHA in ophthalmic microemulsion formulations is crucial for developing effective and innovative strategies for ocular drug delivery and improving patient outcomes in ophthalmic therapeutics.