Nano crystals as an Emerging Strategy for Transdermal Treatment of Skin Infections

Abstract

A Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) offers a promising alternative for treating skin infections, particularly when systemic drug delivery is less effective or undesirable. This system bypasses the gastrointestinal tract, reduces first-pass metabolism, and allows for prolonged, controlled, sustained drug release. In this review of Transdermal drug delivery system for skin infections, key topics to explore include the underlying mechanisms of skin absorption, challenges in drug permeation, types of drugs suitable for transdermal delivery, advancements in formulation strategies, and the clinical implications of these systems for treating infections. Nanocrystals, defined as materials with nanoscale dimensions (typically less than 100 nm), exhibit unique physical, chemical, and mechanical properties distinct from their bulk counterparts. These properties arise from the increased surface-to-volume ratio, quantum effects, and high surface energy that become prominent at the nanoscale. This review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of nanocrystals used in treatment of skin infections.