Awareness, Knowledge, and Preventive Practices Regarding Hepatitis B Among Undergraduate Healthcare Students in Bhopal: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which spreads through contact with infected blood or bodily fluids. It may lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, or liver cancer if left untreated. Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine, limited awareness continues to drive high infection rates. This cross-sectional survey aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices regarding HBV among 1,014 undergraduate students from the medical, dental, Ayurvedic, nursing, and paramedical fields in Bhopal. Data were collected via a structured, self-administered online questionnaire. While 84.2% (854 individuals) correctly identified Hepatitis B as a viral infection, only 10.6% (108 individuals) had completed the full vaccination course. Common misconceptions about transmission and curability were observed. Awareness of national programs like NVHCP was alarmingly low (2.8%). Key barriers to vaccination included lack of awareness and perceived low risk. The study emphasizes the need for curriculum-integrated education and targeted awareness campaigns to improve HBV vaccination coverage and safety practices among future healthcare professionals.