"Comprehensive Review on Arthritis: Types, Management, and Emerging Perspectives"

Abstract

The broad category of disorders known as arthritis is marked by joint stiffness, pain, and inflammation, and it has a substantial negative influence on both economic productivity and global health. This review explores the pathophysiology, types, and management strategies for arthritis, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and other forms. Synthetic treatments, such as DMARDs, biologics, NSAIDs, and corticosteroids, offer effective symptom control but are limited by side effects and specific use cases. Because of the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant qualities of plants including Curcuma longa, Phyllanthus amarus, and Ruta graveolens, herbal therapies provide potential supplementary choices.

Understanding the mechanisms underlying arthritis, including immunological and inflammatory pathways, aids in advancing therapeutic approaches. Combining synthetic and herbal treatments, supported by early diagnosis, patient education, and personalized care, can enhance outcomes and improve quality of life for those affected by this chronic condition. Further research into targeted therapies and novel drug development remains essential to addressing the complex challenges posed by arthritis.