A Cross-Sectional Study on Community Awareness and Preventive Behaviours for Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Sambalpur

Abstract

Background: This study investigates the understanding, attitudes, and preventive behaviors of residents of Sambalpur District, Odisha, India, regarding mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs). The study assessed community knowledge of mosquito vectors, related diseases, and prevention practices in Sambalpur City.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey of 323 households took place using face-to-face interviews, where participants completed a configured questionnaire.
Results: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified three key components Prevention and Treatment, Government Initiatives, and Perception of MBD, each representing distinct aspects of public health engagement. The results indicate a widespread grasp of malaria but reveal a lack of awareness about other MBDs, such as dengue and filariasis. Although many respondents were acquainted with preventive measures like mosquito coils and bed nets, precise knowledge about specific mosquito species and the diseases they transmit was limited. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), three key components emerged: Government Initiatives, Prevention & Treatment, and Perception of MBD. These components all tap into unique facets of public health engagement. The regression analysis demonstrated that public perception of MBDs is significantly influenced by government initiatives (β = 0.124, p = 0.026), while the awareness of prevention and treatment showed a weaker impact and was not statistically significant (β = 0.072, p = 0.194). The model illustrated additional factors to public views on MBDs by explaining 2.1% of the variance in public perception of MBDs (R² = 0.021).
Conclusion: To address knowledge gaps and intensify disease prevention efforts, the study highlights the importance of targeted health education, government health campaigns, and community-driven efforts. To mitigate mosquito-borne disease incidence in the region, the findings provide significant insights for developing public health strategies.