Older Adults’ Awareness and Compliance with Community-Based Interventions for Hypertension in the Malabayabao District, Lanao del Sur, Philippines: An Embedded Mixed-Methods Study

Abstract

Background: Hypertension remains a significant public health concern among older adults, particularly in rural communities where access to healthcare is limited. This study examined the awareness and compliance of older adults with community-based hypertension interventions in the Malabayabao District, Lanao del Sur, Philippines.

Methods: An embedded mixed-methods design was employed, guided by the Health Belief Model and Betty Neuman’s Systems Model. A total of 318 older adults aged 60 years and above were selected through simple random proportionate sampling across five municipalities-Bubong, Ditsaan Ramain, Piagapo, Saguiaran, and Buadiposo-Buntong. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics, while qualitative data from 20 purposively selected participants were analyzed thematically.

Results: Participants were predominantly female (57.23%), married (55.03%), and financially supported by their families (65.09%), with many having an elementary education (34.91%). Overall awareness of hypertension healthcare services was high (M=4.37), particularly regarding community-based interventions, blood pressure monitoring, and lifestyle modification advocacy. Social support was also high (M= 4.09), significantly influencing compliance (M=4.18). Awareness was associated with age, civil status, source of living, and education, while awareness and compliance showed a strong positive correlation (r=0.72, p < 0.001). Qualitative findings identified barriers such as logistical, cultural, and psychosocial challenges, and enablers including family and community support, health worker outreach, and culturally sensitive education.

Conclusion: Despite high awareness and compliance, addressing persistent barriers through targeted education, enhanced accessibility, and strengthened family and community engagement is essential to optimize hypertension management among older adults in rural settings.