Poisoning Overview: Risks and Therapeutic Interventions

Poisoning: Risks and Treatments

Abstract

Background: Poisoning is a significant public health concern, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. It involves exposure to various hazardous substances, including medications, industrial chemicals, and household toxins. Effective prevention and management strategies are crucial in mitigating the risks associated with poisoning and reducing its overall impact on public health.

Objective: This review aims to analyze and integrate recent research on poisoning, focusing on its causes, risk factors, toxic effects, and effective treatment and prevention strategies.

Method: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases for articles published between 2000 and 2025. The review included studies examining poisoning-related health outcomes, management strategies, and the toxicological impact of various substances. Data extraction and analysis were performed to ensure accuracy and minimize bias.

Results: From a total of 2,350 identified studies, 145 were selected for in-depth analysis. The most common causes of poisoning included prescription drugs (38%), pesticides (25%), and household cleaning agents (15%). Vulnerable groups, particularly children under five years of age and the elderly, were at higher risk of poisoning incidents. Early medical interventions, including antidote administration, decontamination procedures, and supportive care, significantly improved patient outcomes. Preventive measures, such as public awareness campaigns, stricter regulatory policies, and enhanced poisoning management protocols, contributed to a noticeable decline in poisoning-related cases in various regions.

Conclusion: Poisoning remains a major global health challenge, necessitating increased efforts to reduce its prevalence and severity. Future research should focus on developing innovative prevention strategies, improving public awareness, and addressing gaps in healthcare systems to enhance poisoning management and reduce its burden.