Impact of Courtyard in Traditional Houses on Mean Radiant Temperature for Hot Arid Climates
Keywords:
Courtyard designs, Hot arid climates, Ladybug simulation tool, Mean radiant temperature, Traditional housesAbstract
Studies in hot climates focus on the re-adoption of courtyard designs due to their thermal benefits. Aiming to develop thermally comfortable courtyards, researchers have explored the impact of courtyards, their shading, and natural ventilation—key environmental principles of courtyards. However, there is a lack of studies on how the presence of courtyards in traditional houses affects residents’ thermal comfort sensation. This study investigates the impact of courtyards on Mean Radiant Temperature (MRT) and the direct and indirect temperatures on surfaces. The research involved simulation experiments testing parts of Bataween, where traditional houses with courtyards are prevalent. The simulations utilized the Ladybug simulation tool to determine MRT and Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI). Baghdad was chosen as an example of a hot city where summer air temperatures reach about 50°C. The results that the presence of courtyards could lead to a decrease in the overall MRT in courtyards to 7°C. Improving the thermal performance of buildings and improving energy expenditure to achieve thermal comfort.
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