Microgrid Challenges on Control, Operation, Modelling, Application and Future Perspectives: A Review
Keywords:
Artificial intelligence, Controllers, Current source inverter, Droop control, Microgrid modelling, Model predictive controller, Reverse droop, Voltage source inverterAbstract
Power electronics play a crucial role in modern microgrids, enabling efficient grid integration, energy conversion, and control of distributed energy resources. This article presents a comprehensive study on the modelling and control strategies of power electronics in microgrids. The main theme is on inverter-based resources, voltage/frequency regulation, droop control, and advanced model predictive control. The challenges of system stability, harmonics, and real-time operation of Microgrids are examined. The interplay between digital controllers, hardware limitations, and emerging wide-bandgap devices is discussed, along with recent advancements in AI-based control. The study aims to bridge the gap between theoretical modelling and practical control implementations to foster robust and resilient microgrid operation. The conventional power grids are now obsolete, as it is difficult to protect and operate numerous interconnected distributed generators. A proper investigation of microgrid architectures is presented in this article to address the issues. This research also explores deep investigations for the improvement of concerns and challenges in various power converter topologies with the aid of control strategies and communication techniques. This in-depth research is aimed at upgrading the appropriate power converter configuration to enhance sustainable growth in power quality, stability, and control over power sharing.
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