Journal of Electronics and Telecommunication System Engineering

Architecting Intelligent Homes for Personalized, Sustainable and Efficient Living of the Future

Trupti Rokade — 2025-12-09

This paper presents a cloud-connected intelligent home automation system designed to improve energy efficiency, enhance security, and simplify residential access control through low-cost IoT technology. The system integrates three major functional modules, which operate together as a unified smart home framework. The first module is an automatic light and fan control system that uses a PIR motion sensor and an ESP32 microcontroller to switch appliances based on occupancy, reducing electricity wastage and supporting sustainable living. The second module is a theft detection and alert system that continuously monitors unauthorised door activity. When the door is opened unexpectedly, the ESP32 triggers a buzzer and sends an instant cloud alert to the homeowner, ensuring quick awareness and timely response. The third module is an automatic gate entry system that uses an ESP32 CAM to scan QR codes fixed on registered vehicles. After cloud validation, the system opens the gate automatically, providing secure and contactless access. Additional RF-based entry and a keypad exit mechanism are included to ensure reliability even during network issues. All modules are integrated with a cloud platform that provides real-time monitoring, event logging, and remote control through any internet-enabled device. The proposed system demonstrates a practical, scalable, and affordable approach for developing smart homes that combine automation, safety, convenience, and energy optimisation in a single unified architecture.

Recent Progress in Microstrip Ring Antenna Engineering: Techniques, Performance Metrics and Innovations

Rudrayya Mudenurmath — 2025-12-19

This paper reviews recent developments in microstrip ring antennas (MRAs). The study highlights key design parameters such as substrate type, ring geometry, and feeding methods, along with performance metrics like bandwidth, gain, and efficiency. Various size-reduction and enhancement techniques, such as slot loading, defected ground structures, fractal shapes, and metamaterial integration, are compared. Results show up to 35% size reduction and gain improvements beyond 8dBi. Recent trends emphasise flexible, reconfigurable, and 5G-compatible designs using optimisation and AI-based methods. The review concludes with insights into future challenges in compact, high-efficiency antenna design for IoT and wireless systems.

Digital Authentication of Consumer Goods Through Barcode and Blockchain Integration

Vijayalaxmi C. Kalal — 2025-12-19

Counterfeit goods cause economic losses, damage brand reputation, and present safety risks to consumers. This paper presents a practical, barcode-based authentication system that leverages blockchain for immutable product registration and verification. Each genuine product is linked to a unique barcode and an on-chain record. Consumers can verify authenticity by scanning the barcode using a simple web interface or mobile camera. The design emphasizes decentralization, tamper resistance, and usability while keeping implementation overhead low for manufacturers. We describe the system architecture, smart contract logic, verification workflows, security properties, limitations, and practical extensions such as integration with distributed file storage and supply-chain transfer tracking.

Development of a Smart Wearable Health Monitoring Device for Real-time Stress and Vital Parameter Analysis

Prachi Rajput — 2025-12-19

The increasing need for real-time health monitoring has encouraged the development of affordable and portable biomedical systems capable of tracking essential physiological parameters outside clinical environments. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-enabled health monitoring system that measures heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO₂), body temperature, and ECG signals using low-cost biomedical sensors. The system integrates the MAX30102 sensor for pulse rate and SpO₂ measurement, the LM35 analog sensor for temperature monitoring, and the AD8232 module for ECG signal acquisition. An ESP32 microcontroller serves as the central processing unit, enabling sensor interfacing, data processing, local display on a 0.96-inch OLED screen, and wireless transmission to the Blynk IoT platform for remote visualization. The developed prototype provides continuous, real-time monitoring with cloud-based accessibility, making it suitable for home healthcare, remote patient observation, and wearable health applications. Test results demonstrate that the system delivers stable and reliable readings comparable to standard health-monitoring instruments, highlighting its potential as a practical solution for low-cost telemedicine and preventive healthcare.

Design and Development of Emotionally Intelligent Personal Assistant Robot

Spoorthi Ramesh Chilapatte — 2025-12-29

Emotional intelligence in robots is becoming increasingly important as users seek more natural and supportive interactions from personal assistant systems. This work presents an emotionally intelligent personal assistant robot capable of recognizing user emotions through facial expressions and voice cues, and responding with appropriate dialogue. The system uses a lightweight multimodal approach that combines vision-based emotion detection with basic audio sentiment analysis, enabling real-time and reliable emotional understanding without requiring complex hardware. The robot provides motivational and supportive responses designed to reduce stress and improve user engagement. Experimental testing with different users showed consistent emotion recognition and positive interaction feedback. Compared to existing emotional-support robots, the proposed design offers improved portability, lower cost, and simplicity, making it suitable for everyday personal use by students, elderly individuals, and general users.