Factors Influencing Consumer Adoption and Preference for Electric Vehicles: An Empirical Study

Abstract

The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) has emerged as a sustainable solution to address environmental concerns, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and decrease dependence on fossil fuels. With growing awareness of climate change, rising fuel prices, technological advancements, and government initiatives promoting clean transportation, consumer interest in electric vehicles has increased significantly. However, consumer adoption of EVs continues to be influenced by economic, technological, social, environmental, and infrastructural factors. The main aim of this study is to identify the key factors influencing consumer adoption and preference for electric vehicles and to examine the challenges that affect their purchasing decisions. Specifically, the study investigates the impact of demographic characteristics on consumer perceptions and preferences, compares consumer preferences between electric vehicles and conventional fuel-powered vehicles in terms of performance, purchase and maintenance costs, convenience, and environmental benefits, and identifies the major determinants affecting EV adoption. The study also identifies consumer awareness of electric vehicle technology, charging infrastructure, driving range, battery performance, government incentives, and the availability of charging facilities. In addition, the study attempts to recognize the major barriers that discourage consumers from purchasing electric vehicles, such as high initial cost, limited charging infrastructure, range anxiety, battery-related concerns, and lack of adequate information. The findings of the study are projected to provide useful insights into consumer attitudes and purchasing behaviour and may help policymakers, automobile manufacturers, dealers, and other stakeholders develop suitable strategies to endorse wider adoption of electric vehicles and support sustainable transportation.