Green Hydrogen Economy: Overcoming Challenges in Scaling and Unlocking Sustainable Strategic Opportunities

Abstract

With the urgent need to decarbonize global industries, green hydrogen (GH₂) is gaining prominence as a transformative energy solution. Produced through water electrolysis powered by renewable sources, GH₂ presents a near-zero-emission alternative to fossil fuels. Its potential spans heavy industries, transportation, and energy storage, offering a sustainable pathway for reducing carbon footprints. However, large-scale adoption remains hindered by high production costs, infrastructure deficits, and regulatory inconsistencies. This paper presents a holistic assessment of GH₂’s economic, technical, and policy-related challenges. By integrating literature-based comparative analysis and case studies from leading green hydrogen initiatives, the paper highlights viable strategies to overcome these barriers. The study underscores technological advancements in electrolyzers, cost-reduction strategies, and emerging policy frameworks essential for GH₂ commercialization. Ultimately, it provides a roadmap for scaling GH₂ production, ensuring its role as a cornerstone of the global clean energy transition.