Review on Modern Optimization Techniques for Optimal Distributed Generation in IEEE Radial Distribution Systems
Keywords:
Central-Generation Power Plants (CGPPs), Distributed Generation (DG), Existing electric grid, Integrated renewable energy, Transmission and Distribution (T&D)Abstract
Modern life cannot be existed without electricity. The energy that powers lives and provides all the things needed to survive is generated by electric power. Throughout history, electricity was produced at large central generating plants and was transported to consumers via long-distance Transmission and Distribution (T&D) lines. This system has served well for many years; however, it has significant limitations: a high level of energy loss through T&D lines, increasing energy costs, and reliance on traditional sources of energy, which are harmful to the environment. The increasing demand for energy and the need for more sustainable forms of energy production have prompted a shift in focus from Central-Generation Power Plants (CGPPs) to Distributed Generation (DG). A DG is defined as any small or medium-sized source of electrical power that is located close to consumers, such as solar and wind power. DGs can help to reduce the amount of energy that is lost through the T&D system, improve the system’s voltage profile, and enhance the reliability of electricity to consumers. DG technologies also help to integrate renewable energy into the existing electric grid, providing consumers with cleaner, greener, and more sustainable sources of electricity. The major challenge in realizing the benefits of DGs is in their careful planning and installation. Poor placement may result in increased costs, decreased efficiency and/or instability to the overall electric system. As a result, the area of research in DG is becoming increasingly important; specifically, the optimal placement and sizing of DGs using optimization techniques and load flow analysis.
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