PAPR Reduction in an OFDM System using a Partial Transmit Sequence and Partitioning
Keywords:
Adjacent partition, Interleaved partition, OFDM, Partial transmit sequence (PTS), Peak-To-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), Random partitionAbstract
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the most widely adopted multicarrier modulation techniques in modern high-speed wireless communication systems due to its robustness against frequency-selective fading and efficient utilization of available bandwidth. However, a major drawback of OFDM is its high Peak-To-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), which degrades power amplifier efficiency and increases system cost. To address this issue, this study presents an effective and practical PAPR reduction technique that combines the Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) algorithm with sub-block partitioning schemes. The proposed method integrates the phase rotation capability of PTS with low-complexity partitioning approaches, namely random, interleaved, and adjacent partitioning. While conventional PTS offers substantial PAPR reduction, its high computational complexity limits practical implementation. By incorporating structured partitioning methods, the proposed hybrid approach achieves an improved trade-off between PAPR reduction performance and computational complexity. Simulation results are obtained using MATLAB, and performance is evaluated through Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) analysis. The results clearly indicate that combining PTS with partitioning significantly outperforms conventional OFDM and partitioning-only schemes. Among the evaluated techniques, adjacent partitioning in conjunction with PTS consistently achieves the lowest PAPR values across different subcarrier configurations. The findings demonstrate that the proposed hybrid method is an efficient and viable solution for PAPR reduction in practical OFDM-based wireless communication systems.
References
D. Aydogan, D.-I. C. Tatkeu, and P. Y. El Hillali, “Performance of PTS reduction technique using a stepped-carrier OFDM scheme for JARC applications,” in Proc. AEIT Int. Conf. on Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE), Modena, Italy, 2023, pp. 1–6.
X. Shang, Z. Zhang, Y. Xiao and Y. Yang, “A method for reducing PAPR of OTFS radar communication integrated signal,” 2022 14th International Conference on Signal Processing Systems (ICSPS), Jiangsu, China, 2022, pp. 567–572.
P. M and B. T. Sundari B, “Reduction of BER and PAPR for Fourier transform based in Downlink NOMA-OFDM,” 2022 3rd International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC), Coimbatore, India, 2022, pp. 181–185.
V. -N. Tran, T. -H. Dang and V. -K. Vu, “Efficient implementation of interleaved partition-based PTS with low complexity,” 2021 International Conference on Engineering and Telecommunication (En&T), Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation, 2021, pp. 1–5.
V. -N. Tran, V. -K. Vu, T. -C. Nguyen and T. -H. Dang, “Optimization of partial transmit sequences scheme for PAPR reduction of OFDM signals,” 2020 International Conference on Engineering and Telecommunication (En&T), Dolgoprudny, Russia, 2020, pp. 1–5.
B. Sheng, “On channel estimation and PAPR reduction of an OFDM signal using partial transmit sequences,” 2021 13th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP), Changsha, China, 2021, pp. 1–5.
P. Priyanka, R. B. Shaik, K. P. Vijaya, P. S. Sasi, P. Ruthvik and R. A. Ravi, “Improved MFO algorithm based PTS scheme in OFDM systems for PAPR reduction,” 2023 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication (ICSPC), Coimbatore, India, 2023, pp. 153–157.
S. B. K, P. K. H. R and H. B. M, “Partial transmit sequence-cosine inertia weight-based flower pollination algorithm for PAPR reduction in MIMO-OFDM,” 2024 International Conference on Distributed Systems, Computer Networks and Cybersecurity (ICDSCNC), Bengaluru, India, 2024, pp. 1–5.
I. I. Ishmiev and S. S. Loginov, “M-sequence based partial transmit sequence PAPR reduction technique” 2023 Systems of Signals Generating and Processing in the Field of on Board Communications, Moscow, Russian Federation, 2023, pp. 1–5.
N. Taşpınar and K. Aközlü, “PAPR reduction using particle swarm optimization algorithm in OFDM-IM systems,” 2023 Kleinheubach Conference, Miltenberg, Germany, 2023, pp. 1–4.
M. -J. Li and H. -Y. Liang, “PAPR reduction of OFDM signals using partial transmit sequences with modified phase generation mechanism,” 2021 International Conference on Technologies and Applications of Artificial Intelligence (TAAI), Taichung, Taiwan, 2021, pp. 266–269.
E. A. Tuli, J. M. Lee and D. -S. Kim, “Improved partial transmit sequence based PAPR reduction of UFMC systems,” 2022 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), Jeju-si, Korea, Republic of, 2022, pp. 391–395.
H. Musafer and M. Faezipour, “A novel partitioning scheme for partial transmit sequence method,” 2021 IEEE 12th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON), New York, NY, USA, 2021, pp. 0121–0125.
M. Alhalabi, N. Taşpınar, and M. Wadi, “PAPR reduction using discrete forest optimization algorithm based on SLM technique in intensity modulated direct detection optical OFDM communication systems,” Int. J. Commun. Syst., vol. 38, no. 10, p. e70126, 2025.
S. Singhal and D. K. Sharma, “A review and comparative analysis of PAPR reduction techniques of OFDM system,” Wireless Pers. Commun., vol. 135, no. 2, pp. 777–803, 2024.
K. K. Vaigandla and N. Venu, “BER, SNR and PAPR analysis of OFDMA and SC-FDMA,” GIS Science Journal, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 970–977, 2021.
K. K. Vaigandla and N. Venu, “Survey on massive MIMO: Technology, challenges, opportunities and benefits,” vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 271–282, 2021.
K. K. Vaigandla, R. Karne, and A. S. Rao, “Analysis of MIMO-OFDM: Effect of mutual coupling, frequency response, SNR and channel capacity,” YMER Digital, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 118–126, 2021.
V. P. Nikhade, M. Kokate, and G. Kharate, “A review on analysis of PAPR and BER reductions in OFDM,” in Proc. Int. Conf. on Intelligent Computing, Control and Communication (ICCCC), Feb. 2022.
K. K. Vaigandla and J. Benita, “PRNGN - PAPR reduction using noise validation and genetic system on 5G wireless network,” Int. J. Eng. Trends Technol., vol. 70, no. 8, pp. 224–232, 2022.
U. S. M. and M. H. B., “A new approach to improve the performance of OFDM signal for 6G communication” Int. J. Computer Networks & Communications, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 121–134, 2022.
K. K. Vaigandla, “Communication technologies and challenges on 6G networks for the Internet: Internet of Things (IoT) based analysis,” in Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management (ICIPTM), 2022, pp. 27–31.
C. Chen et al., “OFDM-based generalized optical MIMO,” J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 39, no. 19, pp. 6063–6075, Oct. 2021.
K. K. Vaigandla and B. Benita, “Study and analysis of multicarrier modulation techniques—FBMC and OFDM,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 58, pt. 1, pp. 52–56, 2022.
K. K. Vaigandla and J. Benita, “Study and analysis of various PAPR minimization methods,” Int. J. Early Childhood Special Education (INT-JECS), vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 1731–1740, 2022.
K. K. Vaigandla et al., “Study of modulation schemes over a multipath fading channels,” Int. J. Modern Trends Sci. Technol., vol. 7, pp. 34–39, 2021.
K. K. Vaigandla, S. B. Rani, and R. K. Karne, “A survey on future generation wireless communications—6G: Requirements, technologies, challenges and applications,” Int. J. Adv. Trends Comput. Sci. Eng., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 3067–3076, Sep.–Oct. 2021.
K. K. Vaigandla and N. Venu, “A survey on future generation wireless communications—5G: Multiple access techniques, physical layer security, beamforming approach,” J. Inf. Comput. Sci., vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 449–474, 2021.
V. K. Padarti, C. Dasari, P. V. V. G. Dokala, V. S. Chowtapalli, and L. V. R. K. Avula, “An efficient clipping method for PAPR reduction in OFDM systems,” in Proc. Int. Conf. on Inventive Computation Technologies (ICICT), Nepal, Jul. 2022, pp. 624–629.
L. Zhang, J. Ma, Z. Wu, Y. Wang, C. Liu, and K. Habib, “Efficient cross-correlation algorithm for correction of common phase error employing preamble for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) receivers,” Wireless Pers. Commun., vol. 118, no. 1, pp. 535–549, Jan. 2021.
