Smart Locker Security: Integrating IoT, Fingerprint Biometrics, and OTP Authentication for Banking Systems

Abstract

This project introduces a smart locker system that integrates fingerprint authentication, one-time password (OTP) verification, and internet of things (IoT) technology to enhance security for banking, corporate, and personal storage needs. Unlike conventional locker systems that rely on keys, PIN codes, or access cards, which are often susceptible to theft or duplication, this system utilizes biometric fingerprint scanning to ensure that only authorized users can access the locker. A time-sensitive OTP is sent to the user’s registered mobile number through an SMS gateway to enhance protection further, adding a robust second layer of verification. The ESP8266 Wi-Fi module facilitates seamless communication with a web-based dashboard, empowering administrators to oversee locker activity, manage user profiles, and approve or deny access remotely. When an access request is made, the system generates and sends an OTP, which must be entered correctly to initiate the unlocking sequence. The locker only opens if the user successfully authenticates their fingerprint within a limited time frame. A relay module controls the mechanical lock, while access records and user activity logs are securely stored in a MySQL database for continuous monitoring and audit purposes. This IoT-based smart locker system not only heightens security and reliability but also improves user convenience and administrative control, making it highly suitable for securing bank lockers, confidential documents, and personal belongings and effectively mitigating the risk of unauthorized access.