A Study into Accurate Blood Pumping in Motor-powered Artificial Hearts
Keywords:
Artificial heart, BLDC motor actuation, Cardiac output, Electromechanical pump, Hemodynamic performance, Pulsatile flow, Ventricular assist deviceAbstract
The advancement of Artificial Heart (AH) technology depends on the creation of biocompatible, energy-efficient pumping mechanisms. To mimic the physiological characteristics of natural ventricles while reducing the drawbacks of traditional axial and pulsatile systems, this study investigates a motor-driven centrifugal pump. In order to modify rotational speed (RPM) and provide biomimetic cardiac output, the suggested system uses a brushless DC motor with closed-loop control that is combined with pressure and flow sensors. The motor-driven pump achieves a mean flow rate of 5.2 L/min at 3000 RPM with a hemolysis index of 0.05 g/dL and thrombogenic potential lowered by 40% in comparison to current AH models, according to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and in vitro experiments using a blood analog fluid. According to energy consumption measures, a lithium-polymer battery can run for 12 hours at a rate of 8.3 W. Under simulated rest and exercise situations, the system's adaptive feedback mechanism which modifies motor load in response to real-time hemodynamic demands was validated, guaranteeing that stroke volumes remained within physiological ranges (50–80 mL). These results highlight the potential of the motor-integrated pump to improve cardiac output while maintaining erythrocyte integrity and reducing energy overdraw, hence resolving important issues with existing AH platforms.
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