Journal of Advances in Pharmacy Practices (e-ISSN: 2582-4465)

Immunological Insights and Therapeutic Innovations in Atopic Dermatitis: A Contemporary Review

Ramesh K, Jayaram N, Vinoth R, Getzy Immaculate P. A, Jagan M, Nepolean R — Fri, 18 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a recurrent, chronic inflammatory skin condition that has a substantial negative impact on patients' quality of life and is becoming a major global health concern. This review offers a thorough summary of the developments in AD treatment and immunological knowledge between 2003 and 2025. The pathophysiology of AD is now understood to be multifactorial, involving Th1, Th17, and Th22 pathways, genetic predispositions, microbiome changes, and environmental factors. Initially, the disease was characterized by T-helper 2 (Th2)-driven immune responses and skin barrier dysfunction. The treatment of moderate-to-severe AD has changed dramatically with the advent of biologics like dupilumab and small-molecule inhibitors like Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, which provide safer, more targeted, and more effective alternatives to traditional treatments. New treatments that target the gut-skin axis, probiotics, dietary changes, and new immunological targets like alarmins and microRNAs are also highlighted in recent studies. Even with great advancements, there are still difficulties in customizing treatments for pediatric patients, refractory disease patients, and diverse populations. In order to maximize patient outcomes in AD, this review highlights the significance of precision medicine, endotype-specific strategies, and ongoing translational research.

Hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease: Interconnected Pathways and Evolving Management Strategies

Hemalatha. M, ChinjuMol M. L, Venmathi. V, Haritha R. R, Ramesh. K — Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Hypertension and Coronary artery disease (CAD) are leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. This review explores the complex interplay between these conditions, emphasizing shared pathophysiological mechanisms such as hemodynamic stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. We trace the historical evolution of their recognition and management, from the seminal Framingham Heart Study to modern precision medicine approaches. Current pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are discussed, integrating evidence-based guidelines and recent therapeutic advancements. By synthesizing historical insights and contemporary strategies, this article aims to guide clinicians in optimizing patient outcomes and highlight future directions in cardiovascular care.

Comprehensive Review of Mefloquine in Malaria Treatment and Prevention

Fri, 31 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Clinically, mefloquine remains effective in many regions for treating uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, often combined with artesunate as part of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). Despite its widespread past use, increasing resistance in parts of Southeast Asia has decreased its effectiveness as a standalone treatment. However, it still serves as a valuable option in areas with low resistance or when used in combination therapies. Safety concerns have significantly impacted how mefloquine is viewed and used. Common side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort and dizziness, while rare but serious adverse events involve anxiety, depression, hallucinations, and seizures. These neuropsychiatric effects, although infrequent, have led to revised prescribing guidelines, especially in military and travel medicine settings. Mefloquine is contraindicated for individuals with a history of psychiatric disorders or epilepsy.

Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis,Diagnosis and Management

Ashwini S Chakote, Gopal S Tehalani — Sat, 15 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are frequently caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common non-malignant enlargement of the prostate gland in older men. The current study intends to analyze treatment approaches for efficient BPH management, evaluate dietary impacts, and emphasize the diagnostic use of urine. Clinical diagnosis combines serum creatinine measurement to determine renal involvement and urinalysis to identify urine abnormalities. Standardized instruments like the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) are used to measure the intensity of symptoms. Research indicates that eating a diet high in fruits, vegetables, and foods high in omega-3 fatty acids may help reduce symptoms, while consuming too much sodium, caffeine, red meat, and alcohol may make them worse. Although they need more scientific confirmation, natural supplements like saw palmetto and stinging nettle have some minor benefits. The cornerstone of management continues to be pharmacological treatment, which includes combination therapy, alpha-blockers, and five alpha-reductase inhibitors. In summary, personalized medication therapy combined with early diagnosis, bolstered by urinalysis, symptom measurement, and lifestyle changes, provides a multifaceted and successful strategy for managing BPH.

Herbal Nano Emulsion as a Drug Delivery System

Thu, 27 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Traditional herbal therapy has been utilized and continues to play a significant role in healthcare around the world for ages.

Objective: Problems like low stability, poor bioavailability, and lack of focused administration frequently restrict the effectiveness of the treatment of many herbal therapies.

Methodology: The application of nanotechnology especially nanoemulsion has become a viable tactic to improve the effectiveness of herbal remedies in recent years. In order to encapsulate and administer herbal bioactive ingredients in a regulated and targeted manner, nano drug delivery systems employ nano-sized carriers such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanoemulsions. The paper describes importance of nanotechnology in drug delivery, focuses on herbal nano emulsion, advantages, disadvantages, formulation, methods of preparation, and storage.

Conclusion: Herbal nanoemulsions possess unique qualities, such as stability and the ability to quickly enter and remain in the skin for extended periods. Hence, they have a lot of promise as a drug delivery technique, in the cosmetics industry.