Journal of Advances in Bio- pharmaceutics and Pharmacovigilance (e-ISSN: 2583-8202)

A Comprehensive Review on Urticarial Unveiled

Wed, 21 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Complex immunological and non-immunological processes involving mast cell degranulation and histamine release cause urticaria, a heterogeneous dermatosis marked by temporary wheals, itching, and angioedema. The complex pathogenesis of both acute and chronic urticaria is explained in this review, with a focus on the roles of complement activation, autoimmune dysregulation, IgE-mediated hypersensitivity, and neuroimmune crosstalk. Recent data links type I and IIb autoimmunity to chronic spontaneous urticaria and emphasises the role of autoantibodies that target FcεRIα and IgE. Laboratory tests are saved for unusual or refractory presentations, whereas the majority of diagnostic examination is still clinical and is based on the length of the disease, the shape of the lesion, and related systemic characteristics. To rule out urticarial mimics such urticarial vasculitis and autoinflammatory disorders, differential diagnosis is essential. Second-generation H1-antihistamines are the mainstay of current treatment approaches, with dose increase as necessary for symptom control. Biologic therapies are required for refractory patients. One such intervention is omalizumab, an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody that has revolutionised therapeutic paradigms by focussing on key mediators in the pathophysiology of urticaria. For patients with illness that is resistant to treatment, new medications such as ligelizumab, Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and anti-IL-5 therapies present encouraging options. Determining exact molecular causes, standardising diagnostic standards, and forecasting therapy response remain difficult despite advancements. To improve diagnostic precision and treatment effectiveness, future paths necessitate integrative methods that combine molecular profiling, personalised medicine, and real-world data. This review provides a crucial framework for academics and physicians navigating this intricate immunodermatological entity by combining the most recent knowledge and developments in urticaria

A Pharmacovigilance Study on Anti-Diabetic Medications

Sat, 19 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: The name "pharmacovigilance" comes from the Latin word "vigilare," which means "monitoring," and the Greek word "pharmakon," which means "medication." Pharmacovigilance is also called the drug safety department because it ensures the safe use of medicines. The healthcare system relies heavily on pharmacovigilance [PV], which assesses, tracks, and detects drug interactions and their impact on people. The purpose of pharmaceutical and biotechnology products is to identify, cure illnesses. Over a billion people could use drugs in India, the second most populated country in the world. Objectives: The goal of the current study was to track Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) linked to medications used to treat diabetes. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based ADRs monitoring form created in Google Form was used in the study, which was carried out through one-on-one patient interactions. Results: A total of 94 ADRs were observed in 102 prescriptions of anti-diabetic patients (55 males and 47 females). Out of 94 ADRs, the age group of patients from 40-to 50 was (n=36). Out of 94 ADRs, 35.3% were moderate. Conclusion: Metformin was the drug associated with maximum ADRs. (n=12), other groups associated with ADRs were beta-blocker, ACEs (Angiotensin Converting Inhibitors) and diuretics were a minimum number.

Unraveling Potential of Rutin for Cardioprotective Activity

Varunesh Chaturvedi, Saloni Goyal — Sat, 15 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Rutin, a naturally occurring flavonoid molecule, possess a wide array of medicinal potentials. It is one of the most prevalent dietary flavonoids found in a various fruits, vegetables, and other plants. Rutin exhibits numerous medicinal properties, primarily attributed to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. These remarkable health-promoting properties, effectively prevent skin cancer, cardiovascular ailments, and neurological problems, as proven by various research studies. The pharmacological properties of rutin have found application in human nutrition and medicine, serving as an antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-allergic agent. In recent decades, there has been significant interest in the use of particle delivery systems, including nanoparticles, for medication delivery. These systems offer the ability to modify and enhance the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of various pharmaceutical compounds, both small and large molecules. Exploring the cardioprotective effects, formulation methods, and safety characteristics of rutin is a crucial field of research that holds promise in advancing the development of novel and efficient therapies for cardiovascular disorders. Such investigations have the potential to enhance patient outcomes, optimize drug delivery systems, and pave the path for future breakthroughs in the field of cardiovascular medicine. To identify relevant English-language publications, a search was conducted on electronic databases, including PubMed, without any restrictions on the publication date. The current study focuses on the cardiac protective properties of rutin and evaluates the safety profiles of nano formulations.

Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle: Pathogenesis, Detection Methods, Future Control Measures

Sat, 03 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB), a chronic infectious illness that affects cattle as well as other species, including people and wildlife. Globally, it presents serious problems for the economy and public health, especially in areas where raising cattle is a substantial sector. Close contact, contaminated feed, and respiratory droplets are the main ways that the disease is spread, and wildlife reservoirs help to sustain outbreaks over time. Although silent cases make diagnosis more difficult, bTB clinically presents as increasing weight loss, respiratory difficulty, and lymph node enlargement. Skin tests, interferon-gamma assays, and bacterial culture are used for diagnosis; contemporary molecular approaches improve sensitivity and specificity. Along with immunization research, such as the BCG vaccine, which shows promise but needs further testing, control tactics include mobility limitations, wildlife management, and test-and-slaughter laws. Wildlife reservoirs, diagnostic limits, and environmental persistence make eradication bTB difficult despite tremendous efforts. Research is still being conducted to enhance sustainable disease control techniques, vaccine effectiveness, and diagnostics, highlighting the significance of a One Health strategy. To lessen the effects of bTB, safeguard the public's health, and sustain farming communities' livelihoods, coordinated international action is crucial.

Personalized Medicines: A Futuristic Healthcare System

Anuja Chopra, Vaibhav Handa, Niketa, Sonia Singla, Navpreet Kaur, Satvinder Kaur — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Personalized medicine is the study of DNA analysis and genetic information through different techniques and implication of this for selection of Right Drug for Right Patient. It is enabling sources to shift Healthcare system's 'one size fits all' approach to precise way treatment. Biomarkers, Gene sequencing, Gene annotation, etc are utilized to provide personalized medicine to the patient. Well it is developing field but still it has some application such as Determine eligibility of HIV patients for treatment with Selzentry (maraviroc), identifying the patients with breast cancer who can be treated through Herceptin, etc. In personalized medicine, doctor diagnoses a sufferer's gene with regard to lifestyle and environmental factors, prescribe a drug which will be the best for the treatment of Patient. To provide the best medical management strategies for preventing and curing a disease, this system involves in understanding of diseases on molecular level. All the information gathered from molecular studies are used for providing Supreme Healthcare strategies for preventing and curing a disease. We hope it will be more useful in future than we think.