Journal of Advances in Bio- pharmaceutics and Pharmacovigilance (e-ISSN: 2583-8202)

Moringa oleifera Lam.: A Comprehensive Review of Nutritional Value, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, Safety and Future Research Perspectives

Gurvadesh Singh, Ramandeep Kaur, Sandeep Kumar Sharma — Tue, 27 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Moringa oleifera Lam., usually called the drumstick tree, is a quick-growing plant belonging to its own family, Moringaceae, and is native to the sub-Himalayan region of South Asia. It is now extensively cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions because of its dietary fiber, adaptability, and various phytochemical composition. The plant carries essential bioactive components, which include flavonoids, phenolic compounds, glucosinolates, carotenoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and compounds such as quercetin, kaempferol, niazirin, niazinin, and niaziminin. Its leaves are especially rich in proteins, vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, and antioxidant-associated compounds, making them precious as a dietary complement and practical meal element. Various components of M. Oleifera, such as leaves, pods, seeds, plant life, roots, and bark, have been investigated for their dietary and pharmacological properties. Reported biological activities consist of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, analgesic, antipyretic, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, cholesterol-decreasing, diuretic, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, cardioprotective, and potential antitumor properties. However, an enormous share of the evidence is derived from in vitro and animal studies, even as human scientific proof remains relatively limited. Moringa products are available in fresh, powdered, capsule, and tablet forms; however, their dietary and phytochemical composition may also vary consistent with species, geographical origin, adulthood, processing, and storage conditions. Safety concerns are also vital, especially for focused extracts and non-meal plant elements together with roots and bark. Therefore, in addition, well-designed clinical studies, standardized preparations, excellent-control procedures, and long-term protection investigations are required. Overall, M. Oleifera represents a promising nutritional and phytochemical resource with good potential for functional foods and evidence-based therapeutic applications.

Formulation and Characterization of Polyherbal Cream for Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Activity

Tue, 15 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The current study used natural herbal elements like Tridax procumbens, neem (Azadirachta indica), turmeric (Curcuma longa), and turpentine oil to create and assess a polyherbal cream with antibacterial and wound-healing properties. Due to their medicinal efficacy, safety, affordability, and low side effects as compared to synthetic formulations, herbal medications are frequently used. The chosen herbs are widely recognized for their wound-healing, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant qualities. The plant materials were gathered, verified, dried, and extracted using appropriate extraction techniques such as maceration and Soxhlet extraction.

Three distinct concentrations of herbal extracts were combined with excipients such as glycerine, cocoa butter, liquid paraffin, borax, methyl paraben, and rose water to create three formulations (F1, F2, and F3) of polyherbal cream. Numerous physicochemical characteristics, including color, odor, texture, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, washability, phase separation, irritancy, and thermal stability, were assessed for the prepared creams. All of the formulations’ pH values were found to be within the permitted range for skin application, indicating good skin compatibility. Because of the herbal ingredients’ synergistic action, the formulations’ antibacterial activity showed efficient suppression of microorganisms that infect wounds. Improved tissue regeneration, less inflammation, and quicker epithelialization were seen in the wound healing study.

Out of all the formulations, F2 demonstrated greater antibacterial and wound healing activity as well as improved stability, spreadability, and uniformity. The irritancy investigation found no evidence of skin irritation or allergic responses, indicating that the formulation is safe for topical use.

Role of Fluorophores in Cancer Cell Imaging: A Comprehensive Review

Loveleen, Sandeep Kumar Sharma — Fri, 30 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Fluorescence-based molecular imaging is one of the effective methods for imaging cellular and molecular biomarkers of cancer. The process involves absorbing light of a particular wavelength by the fluorophore and emission of light with higher wavelength, which helps to visualize labeled structures or molecular targets against the background. Based on their characteristics, different fluorophores can be used for labeling antibodies, proteins, nucleic acid, receptors, and various other biological targets. Some of the types of fluorophores with advantages for imaging include organic dyes, biological fluorophores, fluorescent proteins, and quantum dots. For cancer research, various types of targeted and activatable probes have been studied for identifying HER2-positive breast cancer, folate-receptor expressing tumours, viable cancer cells in acidic compartments inside cells, receptor tyrosine kinases, EGFR positive tumors, and COX-2 mediated effects in cancer cells. In some cases, near infrared fluorescence can reduce tissue autofluorescence and increase the contrast in in vivo imaging. Nevertheless, issues like specificity, tissue penetration, clearance, photostability, and toxicity need consideration. This paper presents a summary of fluorophores in cancer cell imaging based on the supplied source document.

Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery Systems: Current Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Sat, 17 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Nose-to-brain drug delivery is an emerging method for improving the delivery of therapeutic agents to the central nervous system (CNS) by using the nasal cavity as a direct route to the brain. Conventional methods of systemic drug delivery often face challenges due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which limits the entry of many therapeutic agents into the brain. Intranasal administration, however, offers an alternative by utilizing the olfactory and trigeminal pathways for drug transport, thereby minimizing reliance on the systemic circulation. Recent developments in formulation science and nanotechnology have led to the creation of various nanocarrier systems, such as polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, liposomes, dendrimers, nanoemulsions, and nanogels. These systems help enhance drug protection, solubility, residence time, controlled release, and targeted delivery to the brain. This review provides an overview of nasal anatomy, the limitations posed by the BBB, transport mechanisms, formulation strategies, nanotechnology-based delivery systems, delivery devices, and therapeutic applications. It also addresses current advancements, challenges, and future directions, with a focus on improving the safety, reproducibility, brain exposure, and clinical application of nose-to-brain delivery systems.

Signal Detection in Pharmacovigilance: Emerging Methodologies and Clinical Implications

Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Pharmacovigilance plays a pivotal role in the global healthcare landscape, offering crucial insights to maintain and improve the safety and efficacy of medicines by continuously detecting, assessing, understanding and preventing adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Signal detection, an integral aspect of pharmacovigilance, refers to the detection of previously unrecognized or partially documented safety issues early in the life of a drug. Historically, spontaneous reporting systems, coupled with disproportionate analysis techniques, were indispensable to drug safety surveillance, but suffered from major drawbacks such as underreporting, reporting biases, and lack of sufficient information. However, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI), machine learning, natural language processing, big data analysis, and real-world evidence (RWE) has provided unprecedented capabilities for safety signal discovery and verification, thus paving the way for efficient identification and verification of potentially harmful drugs. Subsequent to the detection of an initial safety signal, thorough validation, risk assessment, and subsequent regulatory review of its clinical relevance are mandatory to ensure adequate regulatory action and decision-making based on scientific evidence. This article discusses the basic principles, novel approaches, regulations, and prospects of signal detection and its contribution to global health and patient safety.