International Journal of Phyto Pharmaceutics and Research

Formulation and Evaluation of Murraya Koenigii Herbal Handwash

Rajeswari Aleti — 2026-03-26

The growing awareness of the adverse effects associated with synthetic antimicrobial agents has led to increased interest in herbal-based personal care products. Herbal handwashes formulated using plant-derived bioactive compounds offer a safer, eco-friendly, and skin-compatible alternative to conventional chemical-based handwashes. Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng, commonly known as curry leaf, is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Rutaceae and is widely used in traditional Indian medicine. This plant has gained significant scientific attention due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. Various parts of the plant, particularly the leaves, are rich in bioactive phytochemicals that contribute to its antimicrobial efficacy. Phyllanthus emblica L., commonly known as amla or Indian gooseberry, is an important medicinal plant. Amla is renowned for its rich phytochemical profile and wide range of pharmacological activities, making it a valuable ingredient in herbal cosmetic and personal care formulations, including herbal handwashes. Neem oil contributes additional antibacterial and antifungal action, xanthan gum acts as a natural thickening agent, and glycerine functions as a humectant. These results indicate the potential of herbal handwash formulations as effective, sustainable, and skin-friendly hygiene products.

Unraveling the Link Between Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration: Therapeutic Approaches

Mehak — 2026-02-25

Oxidative-Stress (OS) is a state where the body’s antioxidant defenses are overwhelmed by Reactive O₂species, leading to cellular damage and potential harm to tissues. Numerous health problems, such as difficulties from diabetes mellitus, cancerous conditions, cardiac problems, and neurological/brain-related disorders, are associated with this phenomenon. Environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and dietary habits highly influence the excessive generation or formation of ROS. Symptoms usually emerge gradually as cells and tissues incur damage over time. Oxidative stress affects disease progression through mechanisms such as DNA injury, inflammation, mitochondrial impairment, and endothelial harm. Antioxidant substances, vitamin C and E, minerals, as well as phytochemicals, perform an important role in neutralising ROS through prevention, disruption, and inactivation processes. Despite certain methodological hurdles, biomarkers like malondialdehyde, isoprostanes, and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine can be employed to evaluate oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidants, enzyme mimetics, and lifestyle changes are all effective approaches to mitigate oxidative stress. Understanding oxidative stress and strategies to manage it is crucial for creating treatments for chronic and degenerative diseases.