Catalyst: A Detailed Study & Applications in Drug Design

Abstract

Catalysts play a pivotal role in accelerating chemical reactions without undergoing permanent changes themselves, and their application in drug design has transformed modern pharmaceutical development. This study explores the fundamental principles of catalysis, including types such as acid-base, enzymatic, and organometallic catalysts, and their significance in drug synthesis, green chemistry, and targeted delivery. Particular focus is given to how biocatalyst and transmission-Metal complexes drive stereoselective transformations, improving overall reaction efficiency while minimising environmental impact. Through selected case studies, including the synthesis of Ibrutinib and other kinase inhibitors, the project highlights how catalyst-based methodologies lead to higher yield, improved selectivity, and reduced reaction times. The investigation also delves into computational approaches to catalyst optimization in drug discovery workflows. Overall, this study underscores the growing importance of catalytic systems in sustainable pharmaceutical innovation and rational drug design.