From Mood Swings to Mindful Living: Coping with PMS of Reproductive Age Women

Abstract

Premenstrual Syndrome is a common condition characterized by a range of emotional, physical, psychological and behavioural disturbances that occur after ovulation and last till menstrual flow. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is an important health concern among adolescent girls and women of reproductive age, as it can adversely affect daily activities, interpersonal relationships, academic performance, and overall psychological well-being. It is a cluster of physical as well as emotional symptoms that appear on a regular basis before the onset of the menstrual cycle. It is often experienced by various psychological impairments such as mood swings, irritability, anxiety, depression etc. The precise cause of PMS is still unknown despite substantial study, and there is presently no proven treatment. Nonetheless, a mix of pharmaceutical and nonpharmacological treatments can successfully lessen the intensity of symptoms. This article reviewed was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, findings from national and international peer-reviewed journals published between 2014 and 2025, with the intention of classifying and identifying coping mechanisms used by women to manage PMS symptoms. Thirty-two studies were included. The review reveals a wide range of coping strategies adopted by women, which fall under four broad categories such as psychological, behavioural, lifestyle-related, and alternative/complementary methods.

Additionally, because of their accessibility and low side effects, supplementary methods including yoga, meditation, relaxation techniques, and herbal therapies are being used more and more. The review also highlights the critical role of social support, awareness, and health education significantly enhance coping ability. Integrative health programs that incorporate counselling, education, and lifestyle change are crucial for promoting optimal PMS management. To investigate long-term, sustainable, and culturally sensitive coping mechanisms suited to a variety of people, more study is required