Journal of Midwifery, Women Health And Gynaecological Nursing

Effectiveness of Multi-Media Learning Package Regarding Modern Trends in Infertility Management Among Staff Nurses at Hindu Mission Hospital, Tambaram

2026-05-07T12:07:48+00:00

Infertility is typically defined as the inability to become pregnant after one year of sexual intercourse without contraception. Women over age 35, and diagnosed after 6 months of an inability to conceive, needed the Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) considerable attention, both clinically and empirically, in following the technique of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET). Hence, the researcher aimed to conduct a study on the effectiveness of a multimedia learning package regarding modern trends in infertility management among staff nurses at Hindu Mission Hospital, Tambaram. A pre-experimental one-group pretest and post-test research design was adopted. Through a non-probability convenience sampling technique, 50 staff nurses were included in the study. The structured questionnaire was administered to obtain data on staff nurses' knowledge of modern trends in infertility management. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The multimedia learning package was implemented on the day of data collection. The findings of the study indicate that, in the pretest, 56% of staff nurses had inadequate knowledge, 44% of staff nurses had moderate knowledge. No one has adequate knowledge, whereas in the post-test, staff nurses had only 2% inadequate, 76% moderate, and 22% adequate knowledge, and the ‘t’ test value is 11.54, revealed that the level of significance at 0. 001. Therefore, the multimedia learning package is effective in improving knowledge among staff nurses.

Enhancing Reproductive Health Awareness Among Nursing Students: Impact of an Information Booklet on Vaginal Infection Management

2026-05-18T17:32:51+00:00

Vaginal infections are among the most common reproductive health problems affecting women of reproductive age and continue to pose significant public health challenges due to inadequate awareness, poor hygienic practices, and delayed healthcare-seeking behavior. Nursing students, as future healthcare professionals, require adequate knowledge regarding prevention and home care management of vaginal infections to promote personal reproductive health and provide effective patient education. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an information booklet on knowledge regarding home care management of vaginal infection among nursing students in a selected college. A quantitative pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest research design was adopted among 80 undergraduate nursing students selected using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire assessing knowledge related to causes, symptoms, prevention, and home care management of vaginal infections. Following pre-test assessment, participants received an evidence-based information booklet, and post-test evaluation was conducted after the intervention. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. The findings revealed inadequate baseline knowledge among participants, with a mean pre-test score of 9.44 ± 2.49. Following administration of the information booklet, the mean post-test score significantly increased to 16.71 ± 2.90. The paired t-test demonstrated a highly statistically significant improvement in knowledge scores (t = 33.83, p < 0.005). Significant associations were also observed between post-test knowledge scores and variables such as residence and source of reproductive health information. The study concluded that the information booklet was highly effective in improving nursing students’ knowledge regarding home care management of vaginal infections and emphasized the importance of structured reproductive health education interventions in nursing education.

Caesarean Section vs. Vaginal Delivery: An Evidence-Based Review of Risks and Benefits

2026-06-02T11:28:49+00:00

Introduction: The mode of childbirth significantly influences maternal and neonatal outcomes. Vaginal delivery is considered the physiological and preferred method of birth, whereas Cesarean section (CS) is an essential surgical intervention in selected high-risk pregnancies and obstetric emergencies. Over the past few decades, the global rise in CS rates has generated concern regarding unnecessary surgical deliveries and their associated short- and long-term complications. This review aims to compare the risks, benefits, indications, and outcomes of cesarean section and vaginal delivery based on current evidence.

Materials and Methods: A narrative review was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Articles published between 2005 and 2025 comparing maternal and neonatal outcomes of vaginal delivery and cesarean section were included. Relevant clinical guidelines, systematic reviews, observational studies, and randomized trials were analyzed.

Results: Vaginal delivery was associated with shorter hospital stay, lower healthcare costs, faster postpartum recovery, earlier mother–infant bonding, and fewer postoperative complications. It also demonstrated lower risks of infection, hemorrhage, thromboembolism, and complications in future pregnancies. However, vaginal delivery may be associated with perineal trauma, pelvic floor disorders, and fetal distress in certain situations. Cesarean section proved beneficial in obstetric emergencies such as placenta previa, obstructed labor, fetal distress, and malpresentation, significantly reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality when medically indicated. Nevertheless, Cesarean section was associated with increased risks of postoperative infection, anesthetic complications, delayed recovery, neonatal respiratory morbidity, and long-term complications including placenta accreta spectrum and uterine rupture in subsequent pregnancies.

Conclusion: Both cesarean section and vaginal delivery have distinct advantages and limitations. Vaginal delivery remains the preferred mode of childbirth in uncomplicated pregnancies, while cesarean section is a life-saving procedure when clinically indicated. The choice of delivery method should be individualized based on maternal and fetal conditions, obstetric indications, patient preferences, and evidence-based clinical judgment to optimize maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Prevalence and Risk Factor of Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome among Women of Reproductive Age in Al Najaf City: Cross Sectional Study

2026-05-23T22:52:15+00:00

Background: Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS), formerly known as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), is a complex endocrine disorder with significant reproductive and metabolic implications. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PMOS and identify the clinical and lifestyle risk factors associated with PMOS among women of reproductive age in Al-Najaf City, Iraq.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 890 women of childbearing age in Al-Najaf City. Data were collected using digital survey tools between July and August 2025. Participants were evaluated for menstrual history, clinical manifestations, lifestyle habits, and body mass index (BMI) measurements. Statistical significance was determined using odds ratio (OR) and p-values (p < 0.05).

Results: The prevalence of PMOS was 26.3% (n = 234). Significant risk factors included menstrual irregularity, hirsutism (OR = 4.9), and acanthosis nigricans (OR = 3. 05). A strong genetic component was found, with a family history of PMOS (odds ratio [OR] = 3.01) and diabetes (OR = 1.45) significantly increasing the risk. However, lifestyle factors such as sleep were not significant. Frequent consumption of soft drinks (OR = 1.39) was a notable predictor. A highly significant correlation (p < 0.0001) was found between BMI and PMOS; the prevalence rose progressively from 16.9% in normal weight women to 48% in the extremely obese group.

Conclusions: PMOS is highly prevalent in Al-Najaf and is caused by the synergistic effect of genetic predisposition and metabolic liability. The strong correlation with body mass index suggests that weight reduction and early metabolic disease screening are critical for reducing the public health burden of PMOS in this region.