Green Building and Energy-Efficient Design

Abstract

In the modern era, the rapid expansion of infrastructure is a crucial indicator of a country's
development. However, this growth must be balanced with environmental conservation to ensure
the well-being of humans and other living organisms. The construction industry, a significant
development driver, is also a primary source of environmental pollution, contributing to
approximately 40% of air pollution. The production and transportation of construction materials,
particularly cement and steel, are primary culprits. These processes release substantial amounts of
CO2, a greenhouse gas that deteriorates the ozone layer and exacerbates global warming. Cement
production accounts for 8-10% of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions, while steel manufacturing
contributes about 5-10%. These emissions harm the environment and adversely affect human
living conditions. Although it is challenging to eliminate CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions,
adopting sustainable living practices, such as the construction of green buildings, offers a viable
path toward mitigation. Green or sustainable buildings are designed, constructed, operated, and
maintained to minimize adverse environmental impacts and promote occupant health and well
being. These structures aim to reduce resource consumption, increase energy efficiency, improve
indoor air quality, and decrease the overall environmental footprint compared to traditional
buildings. By prioritizing Sustainability, green buildings present an effective strategy to address
the ecological challenges the construction industry poses, paving the way for a more sustainable
and harmonious relationship between development and the natural world.