Journal of Instrumentation and Innovation Sciences

Assessing the Performance of Machine Learning Based Fault Detection in Microgrid Applications: A Comparative Analysis

Ankita Jain — 2024-03-15

As renewable energy sources are integrated more frequently and decentralised power plants in modern power systems, microgrids have emerged as a promising solution to enhance energy resilience and efficiency. However, the dynamic and decentralized nature of microgrids presents unique challenges, particularly in the realm of detection of faults and management. This article proposes a comprehensive framework for the detection of faults tailored specifically for microgrid applications. The framework incorporates advanced sensing technologies, machine learning algorithms, and distributed control strategies to effectively identify and localize faults within the microgrid infrastructure. By leveraging real-time data analytics and intelligent decision-making processes, the proposed solution aims to minimize downtime, optimize energy flow, and enhance overall system reliability. Case studies and simulation results exhibit the effectiveness and scalability of the proposed error detection solutions based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) across various microgrid scenarios. Finally, future research directions and potential areas for innovation in fault detection solutions for microgrids are identified, aiming to foster continued advancements in the field and facilitate the deployment of reliable and resilient microgrid systems.

Exploring and Applying Public Key Cryptography Algorithms on Smart Card: A Comparative Analysis and Implementation Study

Md. Hussain Ansari — 2024-01-24

As the prevalence and widespread adoption of smart card technology continue to surge, the paramount concern shifts towards ensuring robust security in information transmission. Focusing on smart card encryption, this study directs its primary investigative efforts into the realm of public key cryptography, which stands as the cornerstone of securing smart card transactions. Commencing with a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental principles underpinning public key cryptography, the article elucidates its findings through an exploration of two quintessential cryptographic methods RSA and ECC. Within this discourse, the exposition meticulously navigates through a comparative evaluation of RSA and ECC, delving into their respective public key sizes and the requisite security considerations. The article not only illuminates the operational intricacies of these cryptographic techniques but also engages in a discerning discussion that provides insights into their relative strengths and vulnerabilities. Furthermore, the research advances beyond theoretical scrutiny to practical considerations, accentuating the unique efficacy of ECC in achieving heightened security and superior processing speeds through the implementation of smaller key sizes. In scenarios characterized by constrained bandwidth, ECC emerges as the preferred cryptographic implementation for smart card encryption. The strategic choice to adopt ECC is substantiated by its demonstrated ability to strike a harmonious balance between stringent security prerequisites and the imperative of optimizing operational speed—a crucial alignment with the contemporary demands governing secure information transmission within smart card ecosystems.

Robotic Hand Control VIA Muscle Whispers Using EMG Sensor and Servo Motors

G. Arunachalam — 2024-04-11

The ability to control robotic hands with natural and intuitive movements has significant implications for various applications, including prosthetics, rehabilitation, and industrial automation. In this paper, we present a novel approach to robotic hand control via muscle signals detected by Electromyography (EMG) sensors, coupled with servo motors for actuation. Termed "muscle whispers," these subtle electrical signals generated by muscle contractions are captured using EMG sensors and interpreted to control the movements of a robotic hand. We provide a comprehensive overview of the design and implementation of the robotic hand control system, detailing the integration of EMG sensors and servo motors. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in enabling users to manipulate robotic hands with precision and ease. Through rigorous evaluation and analysis, we discuss the implications of our findings for advancing the field of robotic hand control. This research contributes to the development of intuitive and efficient control systems for robotic hands, paving the way for enhanced usability and functionality in a wide range of applications.

Microcontroller-Based Design of Self-Balancing Two-Wheeler Robotic Vehicles Using Gyroscopic Sensor

Alok Kumar — 2024-03-15

Robots have seamlessly integrated into our daily lives, serving a multitude of functions from lifesaving tasks to providing entertainment, highlighting their indispensable role in modern society.As their popularity continues to soar, an abundance of research initiatives has been taken all over the world. One particularly captivating field of robotics research that has captured widespread attention focuses on unstable systems, exemplified by endeavours like the development of self-balancing electric vehicles, such as the inverted pendulum, stimulating innovation and curiosity on a global scale. Self-balancing electric vehicles are a fascinating innovation in the field of personal transportation. These vehicles utilize advanced technologies such as gyroscopes, accelerometers, and sophisticated control algorithms to maintain balance without the need for a rider to actively stabilize the vehicle. One of the most well-known examples of this technology is the Segway, which popularized the concept of self-balancing transportation. The objective of thiswork is to make a functioning prototype model which is used to learn the principles of control theories behind it. Gyroscopic sensors serve the critical function of detecting any deviation from optimal balance by sensing the tilting movements of the device, ensuring prompt corrective actions to maintain stability. It offers several potential benefits, including increased stability and safety for riders, particularly in urban environments where navigating through crowded streets can be challenging.

Tongue-Joystick Hybrid Control for Enhanced Wheelchair Mobility

Prashant A. Athavale — 2024-01-24

This paper explores how a human tongue can provide a solution for those with tetraplegia by assisting in independently operating a wheelchair. Tetraplegia is a condition in which the sensory organs within the four limbs are dysfunctional, making daily tasks, such as operating a wheelchair, extremely challenging for those affected. To address this challenge, we have designed a wearable mouth set that consists of Hall Effect sensors and magnets. The tongue is used to apply pressure to a specific region of the cheek, where the magnet is located, to control the wheelchair using the Hall Effect sensor. This methodology provides a simple and efficient way to address the mobility issues associated with tetraplegia. In addition, the use of ultrasonic sensors further enhances the wheelchair operation, allowing the user to detect obstacles in the path. These sensors play a critical role in the user, allowing them to make informed decisions and navigate barriers safely. The device provides a means of controlling a wheelchair through an intuitive and natural mechanism, which eliminates the need for more complicated interfaces, further simplifying the user experience. For individuals with specific physical restrictions that prevent them from using the tongue-controlled mode, there's an alternative option available in the form of joystick control.

Voltage, Current and Cost Monitoring of Energy Meter by IoT

R. S. Kamble — 2024-04-11

These days’ IoT-based applications are turning out to be more famous because they give proficient answers for some continuous issues. In this paper, an IoT-based electric meter checking framework utilizing an Android application has been recommended that expects to diminish manual endeavours for estimating the power units and make clients worry about the unreasonable utilization of power. ESP32, Voltage and flow sensor are utilized to bring the Power coursing through the electric meter. To diminish human mistakes and cost in energy utilization, a minimal-expense remote sensor network is executed for a computerized energy meter and a versatile application that is consequently equipped for deciphering the unit meter. In this paper, an IoT-based electric meter checking structure utilizing an android application has been endorsed that desires to diminish manual endeavours for evaluating the power units and make clients worry about the illogical utilization of power. ESP32, Voltage and stream sensor are accustomed to bringing the Power moving through an electric meter. To reduce human stumble and cost in energy utilization, an immaterial expense distant sensor network is executed for motorized energy meter and an adaptable application that in this manner arranged for disentangle the units’ meter.